Design & Technology: Product Design - 9252 OxfordAQA

Energy Generation And Storage

Muhtasari

A bus shelter on a road outside a town has an electronic sign telling waiting passengers when the next bus is due. Nobody laid a cable to it. On its roof is a solar panel about the size of a laptop, and inside the upright is a sealed battery. The whole design of that sign, its brightness, its refresh rate, whether it sleeps at night and how big the shelter roof had to be, was settled by one decision taken before anything was drawn: where the power was coming from.

This lesson gives you the physics you need and, more importantly, the argument you need. You will learn how power is generated from coal, gas and oil, how nuclear power is generated, and how power is generated from wind, solar, tidal, hydro-electrical and biomass sources. For each group you will learn the arguments for and against their selection, which is what the specification actually asks for. Then you will meet energy storage systems, including kinetic and pumped storage systems and alkaline and re-chargeable batteries, and you will size a battery pack for a real product. This is core technical principles content, examined in Section A of Paper 1, and it supplied question 1 of the specimen paper.

Malengo

  1. Fossil fuels
  2. How power is generated from:
  3. coal
  4. gas
  5. oil.
  6. Arguments for and against the selection of fossil fuels.
  7. Nuclear power
  8. How nuclear power is generated. Arguments for and against the selection of nuclear power.
  9. Renewable energy
  10. How power is generated from:
  11. wind
  12. solar
  13. tidal
  14. hydro-electrical
  15. biomass.
  16. Arguments for and against the selection of renewable energy.
  17. Energy storage systems including batteries
  18. Kinetic and pumped storage systems. Alkaline and re-chargeable batteries.

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Maelezo ya Somo

It is worth starting with the piece of knowledge that makes half this topic easy to remember. Coal, oil, gas, nuclear and biomass stations all do the same thing: they produce heat, the heat boils water, the steam turns a turbine, and the turbine turns a generator. What differs is only the source of the heat. A coal station burns pulverised coal; an oil station burns heavy fuel oil; a biomass station burns wood chip, straw or waste; a nuclear station gets its heat from the fission of uranium-235 rather than from any burning at all. If you can describe the steam cycle once, you can describe five stations.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Energy Generation And Storage. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Which one of the following is a renewable source of energy? A. Biomass B. Coal C. Natural gas D. Uranium Answer: A
  2. In a nuclear power station, the heat used to raise steam comes from A. burning uranium in air. B. the fission of uranium-235 nuclei. C. friction in the turbine bearings. D. the combustion of heavy fuel oil. Answer: B
  3. Four 1.5 volt cells are connected in series. What is the voltage of the pack? A. 1.5 volts B. 3.0 volts C. 6.0 volts D. 12.0 volts Answer: C
  4. Which one of the following is the main advantage of tidal power over wind power? A. It is cheaper to build B. Its output can be predicted years in advance C. It produces no carbon dioxide while generating D. It can be installed anywhere in the country Answer: B
  5. A pumped storage scheme is used to A. generate electricity from a new source of energy. B. store surplus electricity by raising water to a higher reservoir. C. remove carbon dioxide from power station exhaust. D. increase the efficiency of a coal fired boiler. Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

OxfordAQA International GCSE Design and Technology: Product Design (9252)
OxfordAQA International GCSE Design and Technology: Product Design (9252)
Manukuu: Student Book
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press
Mwaka: 2024
ISBN: 978-1-382-05263-4
Maelezo: The endorsed student book for the 9252 specification, published for first teaching in 2023 and first assessment in 2025. Covers the core technical, specialist technical and designing and making principles, with practice questions in the paper's own shapes and guidance on the design and make task.
Making It
Making It
Manukuu: Manufacturing Techniques for Product Design, third edition
Mchapishaji: Laurence King Publishing
Mwaka: 2019
ISBN: 978-1-78627-327-7
Maelezo: Over 120 manufacturing processes, each shown on a real product with photographs of the tooling and a note on its environmental cost. The fastest way to understand why a process suits one production volume and not another, which is the judgement Section B of the paper keeps asking for.
The Design of Everyday Things
The Design of Everyday Things
Manukuu: Revised and expanded edition
Mchapishaji: Basic Books
Mwaka: 2013
ISBN: 978-0-465-05065-9
Maelezo: Why some doors are pushed when they should be pulled. Norman's account of affordances, signifiers, feedback and error is the clearest available grounding for the ergonomics and user centred design parts of the course, and it gives you the vocabulary to say precisely what is wrong with a product rather than that you do not like it.

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