Physics - 9203 OxfordAQA

Moments And Levers P

Muhtasari

Try to shut a heavy door by pressing on it a centimetre from the hinges. You will push until your arm aches and the door will barely shift. Move your hand out to the handle, use a fraction of that effort, and the door swings closed. Nothing about the door has changed and nothing about your strength has changed. What changed is the distance, and distance is the second half of every turning problem in physics.

This lesson gives you the quantity that measures a turn: the moment of a force, worth force multiplied by perpendicular distance, measured in newton metres. You will use it to balance a beam by setting the clockwise turns against the anticlockwise ones, to work out an unknown force or an unknown distance from that balance, to predict the exact moment a crate or a bus stops leaning and starts falling, and to explain how a crowbar lets a pair of hands move a boulder that no pair of hands could ever lift.

Malengo

  1. The turning effect of a force is called the moment. The relationship between the moment, M, turning force, F, and perpendicular distance, d, from the point where the force is applied to the pivot is: M = F ×d
  2. If an object is not turning, the total clockwise moment must be exactly balanced by the total anticlockwise moment about any pivot. Students should be able to calculate the size of a force, or its distance from a pivot, acting on an object that is balanced.
  3. If the line of action of the weight of an object lies outside the base of the object there will be a resultant moment and the body will topple. Examples should include vehicles and simple balancing toys.
  4. Simple levers can be used as force multipliers.

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Maelezo ya Somo

Nobody puts a door handle next to the hinges. Nobody sells a 5 cm spanner for loosening the wheel nuts on a lorry, and nobody grips a pair of scissors at the tips of the blades. These are not habits or fashions. They are all the same piece of physics, repeated in wood, in steel and in plastic: when you want to turn something, the force you apply matters, but where you apply it matters just as much.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Moments And Levers P. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. What is the unit of the moment of a force? A. newton B. newton metre C. newton per metre D. metre Answer: B
  2. A force of 25 N acts at a perpendicular distance of 0.40 m from a pivot. What is the moment of the force about the pivot? A. 0.016 N m B. 10 N m C. 25.4 N m D. 62.5 N m Answer: B
  3. A beam is pivoted at its centre. A force of 60 N acts 0.50 m to the left of the pivot. A force F acts 0.25 m to the right of the pivot and the beam is balanced. What is F? A. 30 N B. 60 N C. 120 N D. 240 N Answer: C
  4. An object standing on a flat surface will topple when A. its weight is greater than the contact force from the surface B. the line of action of its weight lies outside its base C. its centre of mass is above the middle of its base D. the clockwise and anticlockwise moments about its edge are equal Answer: B
  5. A crowbar allows a small effort to move a much larger load. This is because a simple lever acts as a A. distance multiplier B. energy multiplier C. force multiplier D. speed multiplier Answer: C

Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu

Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu

Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

OxfordAQA International GCSE Physics (9203)
OxfordAQA International GCSE Physics (9203)
Manukuu: Student Book
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press
Mwaka: 2016
ISBN: 978-0-19-837590-6
Maelezo: The endorsed student book for the 9203 specification, covering the full subject content and all five required practicals.
OxfordAQA International GCSE Combined Sciences Physics (9204)
OxfordAQA International GCSE Combined Sciences Physics (9204)
Manukuu: Student Book
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press
Mwaka: 2016
ISBN: 978-0-19-840795-9
Maelezo: The physics half of the Combined Science series. A lighter parallel treatment of the same content, useful for a second explanation.

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