Biological Molecules And Enzymes
Muhtasari
Every meal you eat is broken down into the same short list of chemical building blocks, and every reaction that keeps you alive, from digesting that meal to contracting a muscle, depends on a protein catalyst working at exactly the right temperature and pH. Get either wrong, as a raging fever or severe acidosis can, and the enzymes your body depends on stop working.
In this lesson you will learn the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, carry out the food tests and investigations used to detect them, and explore how enzymes work, what disrupts them, and how industry exploits immobilised enzymes to make products such as lactose-free milk and diabetic test strips.
Malengo
- Know the chemical elements present in carbohydrates, proteins and lipids (fats and oils)
- Understand the structure of carbohydrates, proteins and lipids as large molecules made up from smaller basic units: starch and glycogen from simple sugars, protein from amino acids, lipids from fatty acids and glycerol
- Describe the tests for glucose (a reducing sugar), starch, lipid and protein
- Investigate the qualitative and quantitative content of vitamin C in food
- Investigate the energy content of food
- Explain the role of enzymes as biological catalysts in metabolic reactions
- Explain the action of enzymes and how their activity is affected by temperature, pH, substrate concentration, competitive and non-competitive inhibitors
- Investigate the effect of temperature and pH on enzyme activity
- Describe the advantages of using immobilised enzymes in the production of lactose-free milk, the conversion of sucrose into glucose and fructose, and glucose testing strips for diabetics
- Investigate the action of immobilised enzymes including the preparation of alginate beads
Maelezo ya Somo
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Biological Molecules And Enzymes. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which elements are found in proteins but not in carbohydrates? A) Carbon and hydrogen B) Hydrogen and oxygen C) Nitrogen (and sometimes sulfur) D) Only oxygen Answer: C
- Which reagent is used to test for a reducing sugar such as glucose? A) Iodine solution B) Biuret solution C) Benedict's solution D) Ethanol Answer: C
- What happens to an enzyme above its optimum temperature? A) It works faster indefinitely B) It becomes denatured C) It becomes immobilised D) It changes into a different enzyme Answer: B
- A competitive inhibitor reduces enzyme activity by: A) Destroying the substrate B) Binding to the active site and blocking the substrate C) Changing the enzyme's optimum pH D) Increasing the temperature of the reaction Answer: B
- Which enzyme is immobilised to produce lactose-free milk? A) Amylase B) Lactase C) Glucose oxidase D) Sucrase Answer: B
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Inapatikana kwenye programu ya Green Bridge
Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu yako au kompyuta yako ili kupata maelezo kamili ya masomo, maswali ya mazoezi, na mengi zaidi.
Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio
Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Biological Molecules And Enzymes? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.
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