Continuous And Discontinuous Variation
Muhtasari
Tip a bag of garden pea seeds onto a bench and sort them by shape. You finish with two heaps, round and wrinkled, and nothing at all in the space between them: no seed is halfway. Now put those same seeds on a balance, one at a time. This time hardly any two readings match, and every value between the lightest seed and the heaviest is filled in by something in the bag. One handful of seeds, one species, two completely different shapes of difference.
That contrast is the whole of this lesson. You will learn what puts a characteristic into distinct groups and what spreads it smoothly across a range, why some differences are written into an organism at fertilisation while others are picked up during its life, and how to handle the numbers: building a frequency table, choosing between a bar chart and a histogram, estimating a mean from grouped data, picking a sensible sample and spotting the moment a conclusion runs further than the evidence behind it.
Malengo
- The causes of variation include: genetic variation - different characteristics as a result of mutation or reproduction; environmental variation - different characteristics caused by an organism’s environment (acquired characteristics).
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Maelezo ya Somo
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Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Continuous And Discontinuous Variation. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which characteristic shows discontinuous variation? A. Body mass B. Hand span C. Seed shape in garden peas D. Height Answer: C
- Continuous variation in a population is usually caused by A. one gene only, with no environmental effect B. many genes together with environmental effects C. the environment only, with no genetic effect D. a single mutation in one individual Answer: B
- Which of these is an acquired characteristic? A. Sex in humans B. A suntan gained during a summer holiday C. A wrinkled pea seed D. Brown eye colour Answer: B
- In a sample of 200 snails, 90 had yellow shells. What percentage of the sample had yellow shells? A. 9% B. 22.5% C. 45% D. 90% Answer: C
- Which process is the original source of new alleles in a population? A. Sexual reproduction B. Asexual reproduction C. Mutation D. Environmental variation Answer: C
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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
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Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Continuous And Discontinuous Variation? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.
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