Chemistry - 0620 CIE

Exothermic And Endothermic Reactions

Muhtasari

Strike a match and it gives out heat; mix the chemicals in a cold pack and they draw heat in. Every chemical reaction involves a change in energy, and whether energy is released or absorbed sorts reactions into two great families: exothermic and endothermic.

In this lesson you will learn what exothermic and endothermic reactions are, how to recognise them from temperature changes, and how energy level diagrams show the energy change. You will also see how breaking and making bonds explains where the energy comes from and goes.

Malengo

  1. State that an exothermic reaction transfers thermal energy to the surroundings leading to an increase in the temperature of the surroundings.
  2. State that an endothermic reaction takes in thermal energy from the surroundings leading to a decrease in the temperature of the surroundings.
  3. Interpret reaction pathway diagrams showing exothermic and endothermic reactions.
  4. [Supplement] State that the transfer of thermal energy during a reaction is called the enthalpy change, ∆H, of the reaction. ∆H is negative for exothermic reactions and positive for endothermic reactions.
  5. [Supplement] Define activation energy, E , as the minimum a energy that colliding particles must have to react.
  6. [Supplement] Draw and label reaction pathway diagrams for exothermic and endothermic reactions using information provided, to include: (a) reactants (b) products (c) enthalpy change of the reaction, ∆H (d) activation energy, E a.
  7. [Supplement] State that bond breaking is an endothermic process and bond making is an exothermic process and explain the enthalpy change of a reaction in terms of bond breaking and bond making.
  8. [Supplement] Calculate the enthalpy change of a reaction using bond energies.

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Maelezo ya Somo

Energy changes decide whether a reaction warms or cools its surroundings, from the fuels that heat our homes to the packs that soothe an injury. Understanding exothermic and endothermic changes lets you predict and explain the temperature changes that accompany reactions.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Exothermic And Endothermic Reactions. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. An exothermic reaction is one that: A. Takes in thermal energy B. Transfers thermal energy to the surroundings C. Has no energy change D. Always involves a gas Answer: B
  2. During an endothermic reaction, the temperature of the surroundings: A. Rises B. Falls C. Stays the same D. Doubles Answer: B
  3. On an energy level diagram for an exothermic reaction, the products are: A. Higher than the reactants B. Lower than the reactants C. At the same level D. Not shown Answer: B
  4. Breaking chemical bonds is: A. Exothermic (gives out energy) B. Endothermic (takes in energy) C. Neither D. Always impossible Answer: B
  5. A reaction where the temperature rises from 18 to 30 degrees Celsius is: A. Endothermic B. Exothermic C. Reversible D. Neutral Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-94839-6
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0620/0971 syllabus, worked examples, practical guidance and exam-style questions.
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-3983-1049-0
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook with clear explanations, worked examples and graded questions across the Core and Supplement content.

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