Gases In The Atmosphere
Muhtasari
The air you are breathing right now has barely changed its recipe in 200 million years. Around four-fifths is nitrogen, one-fifth is oxygen, and a handful of trace gases make up the rest. Yet one of those trace gases, carbon dioxide, is reshaping the planet's climate at a pace scientists can measure in real time.
In this lesson you will learn the composition of dry air, measure the percentage of oxygen using a practical method, describe the combustion of key elements in oxygen, explore thermal decomposition as a source of carbon dioxide, and understand why rising CO2 levels contribute to climate change through the greenhouse effect.
Malengo
- know the approximate percentages by volume of the four most abundant gases in dry air
- understand how to determine the percentage by volume of oxygen in air using experiments involving the reactions of metals (e.g. iron) and non-metals (e.g. phosphorus) with air
- describe the combustion of elements in oxygen, including magnesium, hydrogen and sulfur
- describe the formation of carbon dioxide from the thermal decomposition of metal carbonates, including copper(II) carbonate
- know that carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas and that increasing amounts in the atmosphere may contribute to climate change
- practical: determine the approximate percentage by volume of oxygen in air using a metal or a non-metal
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Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Gases In The Atmosphere. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- What is the approximate percentage of nitrogen in dry air? A) 21% B) 78% C) 0.9% D) 0.04% Answer: B
- Which gas turns limewater milky? A) Oxygen B) Nitrogen C) Carbon dioxide D) Hydrogen Answer: C
- What is produced when magnesium burns in oxygen? A) Magnesium hydroxide B) Magnesium carbonate C) Magnesium oxide D) Magnesium chloride Answer: C
- Which of the following is NOT a greenhouse gas? A) Carbon dioxide B) Methane C) Water vapour D) Nitrogen Answer: D
- Thermal decomposition of copper(II) carbonate produces: A) Copper and carbon dioxide B) Copper(II) oxide and carbon dioxide C) Copper(II) oxide and carbon monoxide D) Copper(II) hydroxide and carbon dioxide Answer: B
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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Jifunze zaidi kutoka vyanzo huria
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Sehemu ya kitabu
Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Oxygen
Describe the properties, preparation, and compounds of oxygen
"Chemistry: Occurrence, Preparation, and Compounds of Oxygen" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/18-9-occurrence-preparation-and-compounds-of-oxygen. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Sehemu ya kitabu
Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Carbonates
Describe the preparation, properties, and uses of some representative metal carbonates
"Chemistry: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Carbonates" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/18-6-occurrence-preparation-and-properties-of-carbonates. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
Vimechapishwa na mashirika mengine chini ya leseni huria na vinatajwa kama wanavyoomba. Viungo hufungua tovuti zao.
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