Economics (9-1) - 0987 CIE

Poverty

Muhtasari

Poverty is one of the deepest problems economics tries to solve. But before you can tackle it you have to be clear about what it means, because being poor in one of the world's richest countries is a very different thing from the extreme poverty that threatens survival in the poorest. Economists draw a sharp line between the two.

In this lesson you will learn the difference between absolute and relative poverty and explore the main causes of poverty: unemployment, low wages, illness, age and environmental factors. Understanding these causes is the first step to designing policies that can break the cycle of poverty.

Malengo

  1. difference between absolute poverty and relative poverty
  2. unemployment
  3. low wages
  4. illness
  5. age
  6. environmental factors

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Maelezo ya Somo

Reducing poverty is a central aim of economic development. But poverty has many causes, and they reinforce one another: poor health makes it hard to work, lack of work means low income, and low income worsens health. Pinning down what poverty is and what drives it lets you judge which policies might actually break that cycle, which is exactly what examiners want you to be able to do.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Poverty. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Absolute poverty refers to a situation where people: A. earn less than the national average B. cannot afford the basic necessities for survival C. own no luxury goods D. pay no taxes Answer: B
  2. Relative poverty is measured by comparing a person's income to: A. a fixed global poverty line B. the average income in their society C. the price of food D. the minimum wage abroad Answer: B
  3. Which of the following is a cause of poverty? A. high wages B. full employment C. illness and poor healthcare D. rapid economic growth Answer: C
  4. A person can be in relative poverty but not absolute poverty when they: A. cannot afford food B. earn below the average but can meet basic needs C. live in a low-income country D. have no income at all Answer: B
  5. A drought that destroys crops causes poverty mainly because it: A. raises wages B. reduces farmers' income and food supplies C. increases employment D. lowers prices Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Economics Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Economics Coursebook
Manukuu: Second edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2018
ISBN: 978-1-108-44038-7
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0455/0987 syllabus, diagrams and exam-style questions.
Complete Economics for Cambridge IGCSE and O Level
Complete Economics for Cambridge IGCSE and O Level
Manukuu: Third edition
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press
Mwaka: 2018
ISBN: 978-0-19-840982-3
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with case studies and questions.

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