Economics - 0455 CIE

Foreign Exchange Rates

Muhtasari

When you travel abroad and swap your money for foreign cash, you meet the exchange rate: the price of one currency in terms of another. That price is set in a vast global market, and when it moves it changes the cost of every import and export, touching everyone from tourists to giant exporters.

In this lesson you will learn what drives the demand for and supply of a currency, how a floating exchange rate is determined, what makes it rise (appreciate) or fall (depreciate), and how those changes affect the prices and quantities of exports and imports. You will use a demand and supply diagram to bring it all together.

Malengo

  1. trade in goods and services
  2. speculation
  3. government intervention in currency markets
  4. payment of profit, interest and dividends between countries
  5. workers’ remittances
  6. investment in capital goods between countries
  7. definitions of floating exchange rate, appreciation and depreciation
  8. the demand for and supply of a currency
  9. the determination of the equilibrium foreign exchange rate
  10. causes of foreign exchange rate fluctuations - changes in demand for exports and imports - changes in the interest rate - speculation
  11. effects of changes in foreign exchange rates on prices and demand for exports and imports

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Maelezo ya Somo

Exchange rates link a country to the rest of the world. A change in the rate alters export and import prices and so affects firms, jobs and inflation. Being able to analyse why a currency moves, and to trace the effects on trade using a diagram, is a high-value skill that appears regularly in the exam.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Foreign Exchange Rates. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. An exchange rate is the: A. interest rate on foreign loans B. price of one currency in terms of another C. tax on imports D. cost of exports Answer: B
  2. A floating exchange rate is determined by: A. the government alone B. a fixed peg C. the demand for and supply of the currency D. import taxes Answer: C
  3. When a currency appreciates, its value: A. falls B. rises C. stays the same D. becomes zero Answer: B
  4. Using SPICED, a stronger currency makes: A. exports cheaper and imports dearer B. imports cheaper and exports dearer C. both cheaper D. both dearer Answer: B
  5. A rise in a country's interest rate is likely to cause its currency to: A. depreciate B. appreciate C. stay fixed D. disappear Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Economics Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE and O Level Economics Coursebook
Manukuu: Second edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2018
ISBN: 978-1-108-44038-7
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0455/0987 syllabus, diagrams and exam-style questions.
Complete Economics for Cambridge IGCSE and O Level
Complete Economics for Cambridge IGCSE and O Level
Manukuu: Third edition
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press
Mwaka: 2018
ISBN: 978-0-19-840982-3
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with case studies and questions.

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