Fragile Environments Are Under Threat From Desertification, Deforestation And Global Climate Change
Muhtasari
Some environments absorb damage and bounce back. Others sit so close to the edge of what they can tolerate that one bad decade of rainfall, one new road or one herd too many tips them into a decline that lasts generations. Geographers call these fragile environments, and three processes are pushing them hardest: desertification, deforestation and global climate change.
This lesson maps where fragile environments are and what makes them fragile, then works through the causes of desertification and deforestation in turn. It closes on climate change, where you will need both sides of the story: the genuine natural drivers of past climate change, including Milankovitch cycles, solar variation and volcanism, and the human activities that are driving the enhanced greenhouse effect today.
Malengo
- Distributions and characteristics of the world's fragile environments
- Causes of desertification (drought, population pressure, fuel supply, overgrazing, migration) and deforestation (commercial timber extraction, agriculture, mining, transport, settlement and HEP)
- Causes of natural climate change (Milankovitch cycles, solar variation and volcanism) and how human activities (industry, transport, energy, and farming) can cause the enhanced greenhouse effect
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Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Fragile Environments Are Under Threat From Desertification, Deforestation And Global Climate Change. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which of the following best explains why tropical rainforest is described as a fragile environment? A) It receives very little rainfall B) Most nutrients are stored in the vegetation rather than the soil C) It has very low biodiversity D) The growing season lasts only a few weeks Answer: B
- Approximately how long is one full eccentricity cycle in the Milankovitch model? A) 100 years B) 4,100 years C) 41,000 years D) 100,000 years Answer: D
- What is the short-term climatic effect of a large explosive volcanic eruption? A) Warming, because carbon dioxide is released B) Cooling, because sulfate aerosols reflect incoming sunlight C) No effect, because ash falls out within days D) Warming, because ash darkens the ice sheets Answer: B
- Which gas is released mainly by cattle and by flooded rice paddies? A) Nitrous oxide B) Sulfur dioxide C) Methane D) Ozone Answer: C
- By roughly how much does total solar irradiance vary over the 11-year sunspot cycle? A) 0.1 per cent B) 1 per cent C) 5 per cent D) 15 per cent Answer: A
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