Sciences - Co-ordinated (9-1) - 0973 CIE

Respiration (continued)

Muhtasari

Sometimes a cell needs energy but cannot get oxygen fast enough, for example a sprinter's leg muscles or a yeast cell deep in dough. In these situations cells switch to anaerobic respiration, releasing energy without oxygen, though at a cost.

In this lesson you will learn what anaerobic respiration is, why it gives so much less energy than aerobic respiration, and the different products it makes in yeast and in human muscle. You will also meet the idea of an oxygen debt, the price your body pays for exercising anaerobically.

Malengo

  1. Describe anaerobic respiration as the chemical reactions in cells that break down nutrient molecules to release energy without using oxygen
  2. State that anaerobic respiration releases much less energy per glucose molecule than aerobic respiration
  3. State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast as: glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide
  4. State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during vigorous exercise as: glucose → lactic acid
  5. [Supplement] State the balanced chemical equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast as: C H O → 2C H OH + 2CO 6 12 6 2 5 2
  6. [Supplement] State that lactic acid builds up in muscles and blood during vigorous exercise causing an oxygen debt

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Maelezo ya Somo

Anaerobic respiration keeps cells working when oxygen runs short. It powers a sprint finish, lets yeast make bread and beer, and explains the burning, tired feeling in muscles during hard exercise. The equations and the idea of an oxygen debt are common exam targets.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Respiration (continued). Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. The products of anaerobic respiration in yeast are: A. carbon dioxide and water B. lactic acid only C. alcohol and carbon dioxide D. glucose and oxygen Answer: C
  2. The product of anaerobic respiration in human muscle is: A. alcohol B. lactic acid C. carbon dioxide D. water Answer: B
  3. Compared with aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration releases: A. more energy per glucose B. the same energy per glucose C. much less energy per glucose D. no energy Answer: C
  4. The balanced equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast is: A. C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O B. C6H12O6 -> 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 C. C6H12O6 -> lactic acid D. 2C2H5OH -> C6H12O6 Answer: B
  5. Lactic acid building up in muscles during exercise causes: A. a glucose debt B. an oxygen debt C. a carbon dioxide debt D. a water debt Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-74880-2
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0610/0970 syllabus, practical investigations and exam-style questions.
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-5104-7864-0
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with clear biological diagrams and questions.

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Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio

Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Respiration (continued)? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.

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