Biology (9-1) - 0970 CIE

Active Transport

Muhtasari

Diffusion and osmosis are free, but they only ever move substances down a gradient. So how does a root hair cell pull mineral ions out of soil that is far more dilute than the cell itself? How do gut cells grab the last of the glucose when there is little left to absorb? The answer is active transport: moving substances uphill, against the gradient, by spending energy.

In this lesson you will learn exactly what active transport is, why cells need it, and, at Extended level, how protein carriers in the membrane and energy from respiration make it possible.

Malengo

  1. Describe active transport as the movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration (i.e. against a concentration gradient), using energy from respiration
  2. [Supplement] Explain the importance of active transport as a process for movement of molecules or ions across membranes, including ion uptake by root hairs
  3. [Supplement] State that protein carriers move molecules or ions across a membrane during active transport

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Maelezo ya Somo

Without active transport, cells could not take in scarce nutrients or hold useful substances against their tendency to diffuse away. Mineral uptake by plant roots and glucose absorption in the gut and kidney all depend on it. Examiners love to contrast it with diffusion, so being crisp about the differences earns marks.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Active Transport. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Active transport moves particles: A. down the concentration gradient B. against the concentration gradient C. only when water moves D. without any energy Answer: B
  2. The energy for active transport comes from: A. sunlight B. diffusion C. respiration D. osmosis Answer: C
  3. Which cells use active transport to absorb mineral ions from dilute soil water? A. red blood cells B. root hair cells C. nerve cells D. palisade cells Answer: B
  4. Which would stop active transport? A. adding glucose B. a respiratory poison C. raising the concentration gradient D. adding oxygen Answer: B
  5. Active transport across a membrane is carried out by: A. chlorophyll B. ribosomes C. carrier proteins D. cellulose Answer: C

Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-74880-2
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0610/0970 syllabus, practical investigations and exam-style questions.
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-5104-7864-0
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with clear biological diagrams and questions.

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