Agriculture - 0600 CIE

Principles Of Agricultural Economics

Muhtasari

A farmer is a scientist in the field and a businessperson at the gate. Growing a good crop is only half the job; selling it for more than it cost to grow is the other half. Every bag of fertiliser, every hour of labour and every choice of crop is really a question about money: will this extra effort pay for itself?

In this lesson you will meet the economic ideas that guide those choices. You will compare organic production, hydroponics and genetically modified crops and weigh the arguments for and against them. Then you will learn how supply and demand set prices, why piling on more and more fertiliser eventually stops paying (the law of diminishing returns), and how a farmer decides what to grow when land, money and time are all limited.

Malengo

  1. (a) describe organic production, hydroponics and genetically modified (GM) crops and be able to discuss arguments for and against the use of GM crops and organic production.
  2. (b) explain the principles of supply and demand, diminishing returns, opportunities and choices facing the farmer, decision-making based on understanding of economic factors.

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Maelezo ya Somo

Farming has to make a profit or the farm cannot survive. That is why 0600 asks you to calculate a growing cost per tonne, to suggest what a farmer should do when the business is not making money, and to judge new methods such as GM crops on cost and benefit, not just on whether they work. The economic thinking in this lesson turns a list of farming facts into sharp, mark-winning answers about choices and money.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Principles Of Agricultural Economics. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Hydroponics is the growing of plants: A. Only in greenhouses heated by the sun B. Without soil, with roots in a nutrient solution C. Using only organic manure D. From genetically modified seed Answer: B
  2. Which is an argument in favour of growing GM crops? A. The seed is always free B. They can resist pests so less pesticide is needed C. They never affect wild plants D. They remove the need to sell produce Answer: B
  3. After a drought sharply reduces the maize harvest, the price of maize is most likely to: A. Rise, because supply falls while demand stays high B. Fall, because supply rises C. Stay exactly the same D. Fall, because demand disappears Answer: A
  4. The law of diminishing returns means that, as more fertiliser is added to a fixed field: A. Yield rises by the same amount each time B. Yield falls from the very first addition C. Each extra amount eventually adds less extra yield D. Yield is unaffected by fertiliser Answer: C
  5. A crop costs $600 per hectare to grow and yields 5 tonnes per hectare. The growing cost per tonne is: A. $60 B. $100 C. $120 D. $300 Answer: C

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Agriculture for the IGCSE, Volume 1
Agriculture for the IGCSE, Volume 1
Manukuu: First edition
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press Southern Africa
Mwaka: 2004
ISBN: 978-0-19-571914-7
Maelezo: Course written for the Cambridge IGCSE Agriculture (0600) syllabus, covering land use, soils, plant growth and crop production with practical activities.
Agriculture for the IGCSE, Volume 2
Agriculture for the IGCSE, Volume 2
Manukuu: First edition
Mchapishaji: Oxford University Press Southern Africa
Mwaka: 2004
ISBN: 978-0-19-571912-3
Maelezo: Companion volume covering crop protection, livestock, breeding and farm structures and tools for the 0600 syllabus.

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