Physical Quantities And Measurement Techniques
Muhtasari
Every number in physics is only as good as the measurement behind it. Before you can talk about speed, force or energy, you have to be able to measure length, volume and time reliably, and know whether a quantity carries a direction or not. This is the toolkit the whole subject is built on.
In this lesson you will choose the right instrument for a length, a volume and a time interval, use a clever multiple-measurement trick to pin down a tiny distance or a short time accurately, and sort quantities into scalars and vectors. You will also learn to combine two vectors at right angles, a skill examiners test again and again.
Malengo
- Describe the use of rulers and measuring cylinders to find a length or a volume
- Describe how to measure a variety of time intervals using clocks and digital timers
- Determine an average value for a small distance and for a short interval of time by measuring multiples (including the period of oscillation of a pendulum)
- [Supplement] Understand that a scalar quantity has magnitude (size) only and that a vector quantity has magnitude and direction
- [Supplement] Know that the following quantities are scalars: distance, speed, time, mass, energy and temperature
- [Supplement] Know that the following quantities are vectors: force, weight, velocity, acceleration, momentum, electric field strength and gravitational field strength
- [Supplement] Determine, by calculation or graphically, the resultant of two vectors at right angles, limited to forces or velocities only
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Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which instrument is most suitable for measuring the volume of a liquid? A. metre rule B. measuring cylinder C. stopwatch D. balance Answer: B
- A student times 20 swings of a pendulum as 24.0 s. The period is: A. 24.0 s B. 4.8 s C. 1.2 s D. 0.83 s Answer: C
- Which of these is a vector quantity? A. mass B. temperature C. velocity D. energy Answer: C
- Forces of 6 N and 8 N act at right angles on a point. The resultant is: A. 2 N B. 10 N C. 14 N D. 48 N Answer: B
- Timing many swings instead of one mainly improves the measurement by: A. increasing the period B. removing parallax C. sharing the reaction-time error over many swings D. changing the pendulum length Answer: C
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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Jifunze zaidi kutoka vyanzo huria
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Sehemu ya kitabu
Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement
Describe motion in different reference frames
"Physics: Relative Motion, Distance, and Displacement" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/2-1-relative-motion-distance-and-displacement. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/1-introduction
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Sehemu ya kitabu
Measurements
Explain the process of measurement
"Chemistry: Measurements" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-4-measurements. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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