Biology (9-1) - 0970 CIE

Sex Hormones In Humans

Muhtasari

At puberty the body rebuilds itself, and the architects are two hormones: testosterone in boys and oestrogen in girls. The same kind of chemical messengers then run a monthly cycle in women that prepares the body for a possible pregnancy, building up the lining of the uterus and then, if no embryo arrives, clearing it away.

In this lesson you will describe what testosterone and oestrogen do at puberty, follow the menstrual cycle as changes in the ovaries and the uterus lining, and (for Extended) name where oestrogen and progesterone are made and explain how FSH, LH, oestrogen and progesterone control the cycle and early pregnancy.

Malengo

  1. Describe the roles of testosterone and oestrogen in the development and regulation of secondary sexual characteristics during puberty
  2. Describe the menstrual cycle in terms of changes in the ovaries and in the lining of the uterus
  3. [Supplement] Describe the sites of production of oestrogen and progesterone in the menstrual cycle and in pregnancy
  4. [Supplement] Explain the role of hormones in controlling the menstrual cycle and pregnancy, limited to FSH, LH, progesterone and oestrogen

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Maelezo ya Somo

Sex hormones explain the changes of adolescence and underlie fertility, contraception and pregnancy. The menstrual cycle is a classic example of hormonal control, and the way four hormones rise and fall in sequence is a favourite Extended exam topic that rewards clear cause-and-effect reasoning.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Sex Hormones In Humans. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Which hormone causes the development of female secondary sexual characteristics? A. testosterone B. oestrogen C. insulin D. adrenaline Answer: B
  2. Ovulation in a typical 28-day menstrual cycle occurs at about: A. day 1 B. day 7 C. day 14 D. day 28 Answer: C
  3. During menstruation, what happens in the uterus? A. the lining thickens B. the lining breaks down and is lost C. an egg is released D. an embryo implants Answer: B
  4. Which hormone triggers ovulation? A. FSH B. LH C. progesterone D. testosterone Answer: B
  5. Progesterone in the menstrual cycle is produced by the: A. pituitary gland B. corpus luteum C. uterus lining D. testes Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-74880-2
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0610/0970 syllabus, practical investigations and exam-style questions.
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-5104-7864-0
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with clear biological diagrams and questions.

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