Sciences - Co-ordinated (Double) - 0654 CIE

Forces (continued)

Muhtasari

Push a door near its handle and it swings open easily; push near the hinge and it barely moves. That everyday difference is the turning effect of a force, or moment, and it explains spanners, see-saws, cranes and why a wide base stops you toppling over.

In this lesson you will meet friction and drag, define and calculate the moment of a force, apply the principle of moments to balance a beam, and use the centre of gravity to judge whether an object is stable. These ideas turn into reliable marks once you practise the calculations.

Malengo

  1. Describe solid friction as the force between two surfaces that may impede motion and produce heating
  2. Know that friction (drag) acts on an object moving through a liquid
  3. Know that friction (drag) acts on an object moving through a gas (e.g. air resistance)
  4. Describe the moment of a force as a measure of its turning effect and give everyday examples
  5. Define the moment of a force as moment = force × perpendicular distance from the pivot; recall and use this equation
  6. Apply the principle of moments to situations with one force each side of the pivot, including balancing of a beam
  7. State that, when there is no resultant force and no resultant moment, an object is in equilibrium
  8. State what is meant by centre of gravity
  9. Describe an experiment to determine the position of the centre of gravity of an irregularly shaped plane lamina
  10. Describe, qualitatively, the effect of the position of the centre of gravity on the stability of simple objects
  11. [Supplement] Apply the principle of moments to other situations, including those with more than one force each side of the pivot
  12. [Supplement] Describe an experiment to demonstrate that there is no resultant moment on an object in equilibrium

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Maelezo ya Somo

Turning effects are everywhere a force acts at a distance from a pivot: tools, joints, levers and balances all rely on moments. The principle of moments lets you find an unknown force or distance with one short equation, and stability questions test whether you really understand the centre of gravity.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Forces (continued). Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. The moment of a force is calculated using: A. force / distance B. force x perpendicular distance C. force + distance D. force x time Answer: B
  2. A force of 25 N acts 0.40 m from a pivot. The moment is: A. 0.016 N m B. 10 N m C. 62.5 N m D. 25.4 N m Answer: B
  3. An object is in equilibrium when: A. it is moving fast B. there is no resultant force and no resultant moment C. only the forces balance D. only the moments balance Answer: B
  4. An object is most stable when it has: A. a high centre of gravity and narrow base B. a low centre of gravity and wide base C. a high centre of gravity and wide base D. a low centre of gravity and narrow base Answer: B
  5. Drag on a moving object: A. is constant at all speeds B. increases as speed increases C. acts in the direction of motion D. only acts in liquids Answer: B

Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu

Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu

Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Physics Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Physics Coursebook
Manukuu: Third edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-88807-3
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0625/0972 syllabus, worked examples and practical skills.
Cambridge IGCSE Physics
Cambridge IGCSE Physics
Manukuu: Third edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4441-7642-1
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with worked examples and questions.

Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio

Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Forces (continued)? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.

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