Biology - 4BI1 PearsonEdexcel

Variety Of Living Organisms

Muhtasari

Life on Earth is staggeringly diverse, from microscopic bacteria living in hot springs to blue whales cruising the open ocean. Biologists bring order to this diversity by sorting organisms into groups based on shared features, a process called classification. The system used at IGCSE level divides living things into five kingdoms, with viruses sitting outside them entirely.

In this lesson you will learn the defining features of animals, plants, fungi, protoctists and prokaryotes. You will also explore the key differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, discover why viruses are not considered truly alive, and examine how certain organisms from each group can act as pathogens.

Malengo

Describe the common features shown by eukaryotic organisms: plants, animals, fungi and protoctists
Describe the common features shown by prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria
Understand the term pathogen and know that pathogens may include fungi, bacteria, protoctists or viruses

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Maelezo ya Somo

Walk through any woodland and you will see birds, ferns, mushrooms, pond water full of microscopic organisms, and perhaps a rotting log swarming with bacteria. Each of these belongs to a different kingdom of life. Classification gives biologists a shared language: once you know which kingdom an organism falls into, you already know a great deal about its cell structure, its nutrition and its way of life.

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Which kingdom contains organisms that have cell walls made of chitin? A) Animals B) Plants C) Fungi D) Prokaryotes Answer: C
What is the main difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells? A) Eukaryotic cells have a cell wall B) Prokaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus C) Eukaryotic cells have a membrane-bound nucleus D) Prokaryotic cells are always multicellular Answer: C
Which of the following organisms is a prokaryote? A) Amoeba B) Yeast C) Lactobacillus D) Chlorella Answer: C
Viruses are not placed in any kingdom because they: A) are too small to classify B) do not carry out all eight life processes independently C) are made of protein only D) can only infect plants Answer: B
An organism feeds by secreting enzymes onto dead organic matter and absorbing the products. This type of nutrition is called: A) Autotrophic B) Heterotrophic C) Saprotrophic D) Parasitic Answer: C

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Pearson Edexcel International GCSE (9-1) Biology Student Book

Manukuu: First edition

Mchapishaji: Pearson Education

Mwaka: 2017

ISBN: 978-0-435-18426-5

Maelezo: Endorsed student book covering the full 4BI1 specification.

Jifunze zaidi kutoka vyanzo huria

Sehemu ya kitabu Prokaryotic Cells OpenStax · Biology
Name examples of prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms

"Biology: Prokaryotic Cells" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/4-2-prokaryotic-cells. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Sehemu ya kitabu Fungal Parasites and Pathogens OpenStax · Biology
Describe fungal parasites and pathogens of plants

"Biology: Fungal Parasites and Pathogens" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/24-4-fungal-parasites-and-pathogens. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction

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