Mathematics Specification A - 4MA1 PearsonEdexcel

Percentages

Muhtasari

Percentages appear everywhere: exam scores, shop discounts, bank interest rates, population growth and tax calculations. Mastering them gives you a single, flexible tool for comparing proportions, measuring change and solving financial problems across the entire Edexcel IGCSE specification.

This topic builds from the basic idea that 'per cent' means 'per hundred', through conversions and calculations, all the way to reverse percentages and compound interest. You will see how the multiplier method turns multi-step percentage problems into a single multiplication, saving time and reducing errors on both calculator and non-calculator papers.

Malengo

  1. Understand that 'percentage' means 'number of parts per 100'
  2. Express a given number as a percentage of another number
  3. Express a percentage as a fraction and as a decimal
  4. Understand the multiplicative nature of percentages as operators
  5. Solve simple percentage problems, including percentage increase and decrease
  6. Use reverse percentages
  7. Use compound interest and depreciation
  8. [Higher] Use repeated percentage change
  9. [Higher] Solve compound interest problems

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Maelezo ya Somo

Imagine two students: one scores 18 out of 25, the other scores 29 out of 40. Who did better? Raw marks are hard to compare, but converting to percentages (72% versus 72.5%) makes the answer immediate. Percentages give us a universal scale out of 100, and that simplicity is why they dominate everything from exam grades to interest rates.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Percentages. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. What is 3/8 as a percentage? A) 37% B) 37.5% C) 38% D) 38.5% Answer: B
  2. A shirt costs $50 and is reduced by 20%. What is the sale price? A) $10 B) $30 C) $40 D) $45 Answer: C
  3. After a 10% increase, a price becomes $55. What was the original price? A) $45 B) $49.50 C) $50 D) $54 Answer: C
  4. What multiplier represents a 35% decrease? A) 0.35 B) 0.65 C) 1.35 D) 1.65 Answer: B
  5. Which of these is equivalent to 0.4%? A) 4/10 B) 4/100 C) 4/1000 D) 4/10000 Answer: C

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