Biology (9-1) - 0970 CIE

Diffusion

Muhtasari

Open a bottle of perfume in one corner of a room and soon you can smell it everywhere. The scent particles have spread out by diffusion, moving from where they were crowded to where they were sparse, with no pump or effort. Your cells use this same free process every second to take in oxygen and get rid of carbon dioxide.

In this lesson you will learn exactly what diffusion is, where its energy comes from, why it is vital to living organisms, and how surface area, temperature, concentration gradient and distance change its rate.

Malengo

  1. Describe diffusion as the net movement of particles from a region of their higher concentration to a region of their lower concentration (i.e. down a concentration gradient), as a result of their random movement
  2. State that the energy for diffusion comes from the kinetic energy of random movement of molecules and ions
  3. State that some substances move into and out of cells by diffusion through the cell membrane
  4. Describe the importance of diffusion of gases and solutes in living organisms
  5. Investigate the factors that influence diffusion, limited to: surface area, temperature, concentration gradient and distance

Somo la Sauti

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Maelezo ya Somo

Diffusion moves gases and dissolved substances into and out of every cell without using any of the cell's energy. Gas exchange in lungs, leaves and gills, and the absorption of digested food, all depend on it. Examiners want the precise definition and a clear explanation of how each factor changes the rate, so this is a high-value topic.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Diffusion. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. Diffusion is the net movement of particles: A. from low to high concentration B. from high to low concentration C. only of water D. using energy from respiration Answer: B
  2. The energy for diffusion comes from: A. respiration in the cell B. active transport C. the kinetic energy of the particles D. sunlight Answer: C
  3. Which change would speed up diffusion? A. lower temperature B. smaller surface area C. steeper concentration gradient D. greater distance Answer: C
  4. A larger surface area increases the rate of diffusion because: A. particles move slower B. more particles can cross at once C. the gradient disappears D. energy is added Answer: B
  5. Which substance does NOT normally cross the cell membrane by diffusion? A. oxygen B. carbon dioxide C. large protein molecules D. water Answer: C

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Biology Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-74880-2
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0610/0970 syllabus, practical investigations and exam-style questions.
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Cambridge IGCSE Biology
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-5104-7864-0
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with clear biological diagrams and questions.

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