The Growth And Decline Of Different Economic Sectors Has Resulted In A Range Of Impacts And Possible Resource Issues
Muhtasari
When a sector grows or collapses, the effects do not stay inside the economy. Closing a coalfield empties a town of its young people; opening a hundred factories fills a river with effluent and a city with migrants. The same shift produces winners and losers at the same moment, which is exactly what examiners want you to notice.
This lesson works through the positive and negative impacts of sector change in the United Kingdom and in India, examines the informal economy of Mumbai as the place where those pressures land hardest, and finishes with the long argument between Malthus and Boserup about whether population growth outruns resources or forces us to find more.
Malengo
- Positive and negative impacts of economic sector shifts in a named developed and a named developing or emerging country
- Informal employment: causes (economic development, rural-urban migration) and characteristics (advantages and disadvantages) in a named megacity
- Different theories (Malthus and Boserup) are used to explain the relationship between population and resources
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- According to Malthus, population grows: A) arithmetically, while food supply grows geometrically B) geometrically, while food supply grows arithmetically C) at the same rate as food supply D) only when technology improves Answer: B
- Boserup's view of the relationship between population and resources is best summarised as: A) population will always be checked by famine and disease B) resources set a fixed ceiling on population C) population pressure stimulates agricultural innovation D) migration is the only solution to resource shortage Answer: C
- Which of the following is a positive impact of deindustrialisation in the United Kingdom? A) Rising structural unemployment in coalfield towns B) Improved air and river quality after heavy industry closed C) Out-migration of younger workers D) Widening regional inequality Answer: B
- A characteristic of informal employment is that it is: A) registered, taxed and protected by employment law B) always located in the primary sector C) unregistered, untaxed and without legal protection D) confined to developed countries Answer: C
- Which activity is the largest single component of Dharavi's informal economy? A) Software development B) Recycling and waste processing C) Deep-sea fishing D) Coal mining Answer: B
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