Transfer Of Thermal Energy
Muhtasari
A metal spoon in a hot drink soon burns your fingers, yet a wooden spoon stays cool. Warm air rises from a radiator to heat a whole room, and the Sun's warmth crosses the empty vacuum of space to reach us. These are the three ways thermal energy moves: conduction, convection and radiation.
In this topic you will describe experiments that reveal good and bad conductors, explain convection in terms of density changes, and learn how surface colour and texture affect infrared radiation. You will also see why an object stays at a steady temperature only when energy in balances energy out, and how that same balance controls the temperature of the Earth.
Malengo
- Describe experiments to demonstrate the properties of good thermal conductors and bad thermal conductors (thermal insulators)
- Know that convection is an important method of thermal energy transfer in liquids and gases
- Explain convection in liquids and gases in terms of density changes and describe experiments to illustrate convection
- Know that thermal radiation is infrared radiation and that all objects emit this radiation
- Know that thermal energy transfer by thermal radiation does not require a medium
- Describe the effect of surface colour (black or white) and texture (dull or shiny) on the emission, absorption and reflection of infrared radiation
- [Supplement] Describe thermal conduction in all solids in terms of atomic or molecular lattice vibrations and also in terms of the movement of free (delocalised) electrons in metallic conductors
- [Supplement] Describe, in terms of particles, why thermal conduction is bad in gases and most liquids
- [Supplement] Know that there are many solids that conduct thermal energy better than thermal insulators but do so less well than good thermal conductors
- [Supplement] Know that for an object to be at a constant temperature it needs to transfer energy away from the object at the same rate that it receives energy
- [Supplement] Know what happens to an object if the rate at which it receives energy is less or more than the rate at which it transfers energy away from the object
- [Supplement] Know how the temperature of the Earth is affected by factors controlling the balance between incoming radiation and radiation emitted from the Earth’s surface
Somo la Sauti
Sikiliza somo hili kwenye programu
Ramani ya mawazo
Mada hii imechorwa ili uone jinsi mawazo yanavyounganika.
Fungua ramani ya mawazo kwenye programu
Kadi za kumbukumbu
Mazoezi ya haraka ya kumbukumbu kuhusu kinachopimwa katika mada hii.
Fanya mazoezi ya kadi hizi kwenye programu
Maelezo ya Somo
Dokezo Kamili la Somo Linapatikana kwenye Programu ya Green Bridge
Pata programu ya Green Bridge CBT kwenye simu au kompyuta yako kwa maktaba kamili ya IGCSE: mitihani ya miaka iliyopita, miongozo ya usahihishaji, ramani za mawazo, kadi za marudio na masomo ya sauti.
Tathmini ya Somo
Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Transfer Of Thermal Energy. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.
Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.
Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.
- Which method of thermal energy transfer can occur through a vacuum? A. conduction B. convection C. radiation D. none of these Answer: C
- Metals are good thermal conductors mainly because they contain: A. large atoms B. free electrons C. trapped air D. water Answer: B
- Warm fluid rises in convection because it becomes: A. denser B. less dense C. heavier D. solid Answer: B
- Which surface is the best emitter of infrared radiation? A. shiny silver B. polished white C. dull black D. shiny white Answer: C
- For an object to stay at a constant temperature, the energy it receives must be: A. greater than energy lost B. equal to energy lost C. less than energy lost D. zero Answer: B
Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu
Fanyia kazi maswali haya kwenye programu
Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa
Jifunze zaidi kutoka vyanzo huria
-
Sehemu ya kitabu
Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer
Explain heat, heat capacity, and specific heat
"Physics: Heat, Specific Heat, and Heat Transfer" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/11-2-heat-specific-heat-and-heat-transfer. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/physics/pages/1-introduction
Vimechapishwa na mashirika mengine chini ya leseni huria na vinatajwa kama wanavyoomba. Viungo hufungua tovuti zao.
Fanya Mazoezi ya Maswali ya Majaribio
Ungependa kufanya mazoezi ya maswali ya majaribio kuhusu Transfer Of Thermal Energy? Pakua programu ya Green Bridge CBT ili kupata maswali ya majaribio na tathmini kamili za mazoezi kuhusu mada hii.
Pakua Programu Kwenye Google Playstore
Kila kitu unachohitaji ili kufaulu katika JAMB, WAEC & NECO.
