How Is Crime Dealt With In Different Societies?
Muhtasari
What should a society do with someone who breaks its rules? Lock them away to keep everyone else safe? Frighten others out of copying them? Make them suffer because they deserve it? Or try to change them so they never offend again? Different societies answer these questions very differently. Some still use the death penalty; others have abolished it. Some rely on prison; others on fines, community work or simple public shame. The way a society punishes reveals what it believes punishment is for.
In this lesson you will learn the main aims of punishment and the forms it takes, from prison and fines to cautions, probation and the informal shaming now seen on social media. You will study how the police try to prevent and detect crime through targeting, surveillance and different styles of policing, and you will see how all of this varies across societies. By the end you will be able to weigh whether punishment should aim above all to deter, to protect, to punish or to reform.
Malengo
- Protection of citizens.
- Deterrence.
- Retribution.
- Incapacitation.
- Rehabilitation.
- Community sentencing.
- Financial penalties.
- Prison.
- Rehabilitation programmes.
- Capital punishment.
- Corporal punishment.
- Exile.
- Ostracism.
- Non-custodial sentencing, e.g. electronic tagging, curfews, restraining orders.
- Probation.
- Police cautions.
- Social media and vigilante groups.
- Policing strategies, e.g. targeting and stop and search.
- Surveillance, including digital surveillance.
- Crime prevention.
- Community and military style policing knowledge and skills to explore the challenges plays a key role in every student’s education.’.
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- Punishing offenders so that the fear of punishment puts others off crime is called: A. retribution B. deterrence C. rehabilitation D. incapacitation Answer: B
- Which of these is a non-custodial sentence? A. A prison term B. The death penalty C. An electronic tag with a curfew D. A life sentence Answer: C
- Aiming to change an offender through education or treatment so they do not reoffend is known as: A. retribution B. rehabilitation C. deterrence D. exile Answer: B
- Shunning and excluding an offender from the community as a punishment is called: A. probation B. ostracism C. a caution D. incapacitation Answer: B
- A policing style in which officers build trust and work closely with local residents is best described as: A. military-style policing B. community policing C. stop and search D. surveillance Answer: B
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Sehemu ya kitabu
Crime and the Law
Identify and differentiate between different types of crimes
"Introduction to Sociology 2e: Crime and the Law" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/7-3-crime-and-the-law. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/1-introduction
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