Chemistry - 0620 CIE

Hydrogen–oxygen Fuel Cells

Muhtasari

Imagine a power source that runs on hydrogen and oxygen and whose only waste product is pure water. That is a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell, a device that turns the energy of a chemical reaction straight into electricity without burning anything. Car makers and spacecraft engineers alike have looked to it as a clean alternative to the petrol engine.

In this lesson you will learn what a fuel cell does, why water is its only chemical product, and how it compares with a petrol engine. You will weigh the genuine advantages, such as cleaner emissions and high efficiency, against the real hurdles of making, storing and moving hydrogen safely.

Malengo

  1. State that a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity with water as the only chemical product.
  2. [Supplement] Describe the advantages and disadvantages of using hydrogen-oxygen fuel cells in comparison with gasoline / petrol engines in vehicles.

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Maelezo ya Somo

The world needs ways to power vehicles without pouring carbon dioxide and soot into the air. A hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell offers one answer: it generates electricity from a simple, clean reaction and leaves only water behind. Understanding how it works, and where it still falls short, is part of thinking sensibly about future energy and a regular exam topic.

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Tathmini ya Somo

Hongera kwa kukamilisha somo la Hydrogen–oxygen Fuel Cells. Sasa kwa kuwa umechunguza dhana na mawazo muhimu, ni wakati wa kuweka ujuzi wako kwa mtihani. Sehemu hii inatoa mazoezi mbalimbali maswali yaliyoundwa ili kuimarisha uelewaji wako na kukusaidia kupima ufahamu wako wa nyenzo.

Utakutana na mchanganyiko wa aina mbalimbali za maswali, ikiwemo maswali ya kuchagua jibu sahihi, maswali ya majibu mafupi, na maswali ya insha. Kila swali limebuniwa kwa umakini ili kupima vipengele tofauti vya maarifa yako na ujuzi wa kufikiri kwa makini.

Tumia sehemu hii ya tathmini kama fursa ya kuimarisha uelewa wako wa mada na kubaini maeneo yoyote ambapo unaweza kuhitaji kusoma zaidi. Usikatishwe tamaa na changamoto zozote utakazokutana nazo; badala yake, zitazame kama fursa za kukua na kuboresha.

  1. What is the only chemical product of a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell? A. Carbon dioxide B. Hydrogen peroxide C. Water D. Oxygen Answer: C
  2. Which equation represents the overall reaction in a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell? A. 2H2 + O2 -> 2H2O B. H2 + O2 -> H2O2 C. C + O2 -> CO2 D. 2H2O -> 2H2 + O2 Answer: A
  3. Which is an advantage of a hydrogen fuel cell over a petrol engine in a vehicle? A. Hydrogen is easier to store than petrol B. It produces no carbon dioxide at the point of use C. It needs no fuel supply D. It works like an ordinary battery Answer: B
  4. Which is a disadvantage of using hydrogen fuel cells in cars? A. They emit carbon dioxide B. Hydrogen is difficult to store and transport safely C. They have many moving parts D. They produce soot Answer: B
  5. Which statement about a fuel cell is correct? A. It stores a fixed amount of energy like a battery B. It produces electricity while hydrogen and oxygen are supplied C. Its main product is carbon dioxide D. It burns hydrogen to make heat only Answer: B

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Vitabu Vinavyopendekezwa

Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry Coursebook
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry Coursebook
Manukuu: Fifth edition
Mchapishaji: Cambridge University Press
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-108-95160-9
Maelezo: Endorsed coursebook with full coverage of the 0620/0971 syllabus, worked examples and practical guidance.
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry
Cambridge IGCSE Chemistry
Manukuu: Fourth edition
Mchapishaji: Hodder Education
Mwaka: 2021
ISBN: 978-1-398-31050-6
Maelezo: Endorsed textbook covering the Core and Supplement content with questions and practical work.

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