Earthquakes And Volcanoes
Visão Geral
The ground beneath your feet feels solid and still, yet the Earth's outer shell is broken into vast slabs that creep, grind and pull apart all the time. Where these tectonic plates meet, the planet releases its energy in two of the most dramatic natural hazards we know: earthquakes that can level a city in seconds, and volcanoes that build mountains and darken skies. The same forces that put millions of people at risk also create some of the most fertile farmland and spectacular scenery on Earth.
In this lesson you will learn why earthquakes and volcanoes cluster where they do, how the three types of plate boundary work, and what actually happens during an eruption. You will then follow the exam-ready chain that Environmental Management questions always reward: the causes of a tectonic event, its impacts on people and the environment, and the strategies used to manage it before, during and after, illustrated by real disasters such as the 2010 Haiti earthquake and the 2011 Japan earthquake and tsunami.
Objetivos
- 6.1.1 Describe the structure of the Earth, limited to: (a) crust (b) mantle (c) core.
- 6.1.2 Identify the Earth’s continents: Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Europe, North America, Oceania and South America.
- 6.1.3 Describe and explain the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes, limited to: (a) tectonic plates and their movement (b) hotspots.
- 6.1.4 Describe how convection currents in the mantle result in plate movements that cause earthquakes and the formation of volcanoes, limited to: (a) divergent or constructive plate boundaries: plates move apart causing volcanic activity and earthquakes (b) convergent or destructive plate boundaries: subduction of one plate beneath another causing earthquakes and a line of volcanoes (c) conservative plate boundaries: plates slide past each other causing earthquakes.
- 6.1.5 Describe the features of earthquakes, limited to: (a) release of energy (b) focus (c) epicentre (d) magnitude: Moment Magnitude Scale.
- 6.1.6 Describe the features of volcanic eruptions, limited to: (a) magma rising to the surface to form lava (b) ash (c) gases: water vapour, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide (d) acid rain (e) volcanic bombs (f) pyroclastic flows.
- 6.1.7 Describe and explain the impacts of tectonic events on people and the environment, limited to: (a) damage to buildings and infrastructure (b) loss of crops, livestock and habitats (c) evacuation of people and livestock (d) fire (e) tsunamis (f) landslides (g) contamination of drinking-water supplies (h) water-related disease (i) financial losses (j) human health.
- 6.1.8 Describe strategies for managing the impacts before, during and after a tectonic event, limited to: (a) monitoring and warning (b) land use zoning (c) structure of buildings (d) disaster preparation (plans, drills, emergency supplies and emergency rescue teams) (e) evacuation (f) shelters (g) rebuilding of damaged areas (h) international aid.
- 6.1.9 Discuss the benefits and limitations of strategies for managing the impacts before, during and after a tectonic event.
- 6.1.10 Describe and explain the opportunities provided by volcanoes to people, limited to: (a) fertile soils (b) extraction of minerals (c) building materials (d) geothermal power (e) tourism.
Nota de Aula
Disponível na aplicação Green Bridge
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Avaliação da Lição
Parabéns por concluir a lição em Earthquakes And Volcanoes. Agora que você explorou o conceitos e ideias-chave, é hora de colocar seu conhecimento à prova. Esta seção oferece uma variedade de práticas perguntas destinadas a reforçar sua compreensão e ajudá-lo a avaliar sua compreensão do material.
Irá encontrar uma mistura de tipos de perguntas, incluindo perguntas de escolha múltipla, perguntas de resposta curta e perguntas de redação. Cada pergunta é cuidadosamente elaborada para avaliar diferentes aspetos do seu conhecimento e competências de pensamento crítico.
Use esta secção de avaliação como uma oportunidade para reforçar a tua compreensão do tema e identificar quaisquer áreas onde possas precisar de estudo adicional. Não te deixes desencorajar pelos desafios que encontrares; em vez disso, vê-os como oportunidades de crescimento e melhoria.
- Which layer of the Earth contains the convection currents that move the tectonic plates? A. Crust B. Mantle C. Outer core D. Inner core Answer: B
- At which type of plate boundary do plates slide past each other, causing earthquakes but no volcanoes? A. Constructive B. Destructive C. Conservative D. Collision Answer: C
- The point on the Earth's surface directly above the origin of an earthquake is called the: A. Focus B. Fault C. Epicentre D. Magnitude Answer: C
- Which volcanic hazard is a fast-moving, super-hot cloud of gas and ash? A. Lava flow B. Pyroclastic flow C. Acid rain D. Ash fall Answer: B
- Which of the following is an opportunity provided by volcanoes? A. Pyroclastic flows B. Geothermal power C. Tsunamis D. Acid rain Answer: B
Disponível na aplicação Green Bridge
Transfira a aplicação Green Bridge CBT para o seu telemóvel ou computador para aceder a notas de aula completas, questões de prática e muito mais.
Disponível na aplicação Green Bridge
Transfira a aplicação Green Bridge CBT para o seu telemóvel ou computador para aceder a notas de aula completas, questões de prática e muito mais.
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