Methods Of Animal Improvement

Visão Geral

A herder near Sokoto wants calves that grow faster without losing the White Fulani's famous heat tolerance. A poultry keeper in Ibadan wants birds that lay like an exotic hybrid but survive a Nigerian backyard on local feed. Neither farmer can wish a better animal into existence. What they can do is choose who mates with whom, generation after generation, and that single choice is the whole of animal improvement.

In this lesson you will meet the four methods examiners expect you to know inside out: selection, crossbreeding, inbreeding and outbreeding. You will learn what each one does to a herd's genes, work through realistic farm scenarios that decide which method fits which goal, and master the advantage and disadvantage of each, the exact comparison WAEC sets almost every year.

Objetivos

  1. State the methods of animal improvement
  2. Explain selection as a method of animal improvement
  3. Explain crossbreeding as a method of animal improvement
  4. Distinguish between inbreeding and outbreeding
  5. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of each method of animal improvement

Nota de Aula

Two farmers each want a better herd. One mates his best cow to his best bull. The other buys in an exotic bull to cross onto his local cows. Both practise animal improvement, with different tools and risks. A breeder who cannot name the method used cannot predict the next generation, and an examiner will ask exactly that.

Avaliação da Lição

Parabéns por concluir a lição em Methods Of Animal Improvement. Agora que você explorou o conceitos e ideias-chave, é hora de colocar seu conhecimento à prova. Esta seção oferece uma variedade de práticas perguntas destinadas a reforçar sua compreensão e ajudá-lo a avaliar sua compreensão do material.

Irá encontrar uma mistura de tipos de perguntas, incluindo perguntas de escolha múltipla, perguntas de resposta curta e perguntas de redação. Cada pergunta é cuidadosamente elaborada para avaliar diferentes aspetos do seu conhecimento e competências de pensamento crítico.

Use esta secção de avaliação como uma oportunidade para reforçar a tua compreensão do tema e identificar quaisquer áreas onde possas precisar de estudo adicional. Não te deixes desencorajar pelos desafios que encontrares; em vez disso, vê-os como oportunidades de crescimento e melhoria.

  1. Which method of animal improvement combines animals of two different breeds to produce offspring that may outperform both parent breeds? A. Selection B. Crossbreeding C. Inbreeding D. Outbreeding Answer: B
  2. Mating a sire to his own daughter is an example of: A. Crossbreeding B. Outbreeding C. Inbreeding D. Selection Answer: C
  3. The improved performance often shown by the first-cross offspring of two different breeds is called: A. Inbreeding depression B. Hybrid vigour C. Genotype drift D. Betterment Answer: B
  4. A herd that has been mated among close relatives for several generations begins to show smaller litter sizes and weaker offspring. This is best described as: A. Hybrid vigour B. Inbreeding depression C. Heterosis D. Selection response Answer: B
  5. Which method of animal improvement chooses the best-performing animals within a single breed as parents of the next generation? A. Crossbreeding B. Outbreeding C. Selection D. Hybridisation Answer: C

Livros Recomendados

Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Legenda: Sixth edition
Editora: Pearson
Ano: 2017
ISBN: 978-0-13-443605-0
Descrição: A comprehensive introduction to animal science covering anatomy and physiology, nutrition, genetics, reproduction, animal health and the major farm animal species and their production systems.
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Editora: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Ano: 2004
ISBN: 978-92-5-105082-8
Descrição: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper written by a Nigerian animal scientist, covering breeds, housing, feeding, incubation, disease control and marketing for small-scale poultry keepers in developing countries.
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Editora: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Ano: 1995
ISBN: 978-92-5-103758-4
Descrição: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper on the principles of ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition and the practical use of tropical feed resources, including crop residues and by-products, in sustainable livestock systems.

Perguntas Anteriores

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WAEC SSCE - Animal Husbandry - 2021

Pergunta 1 Relatório

(a) Explain each of the following terms as used in the slaughtering of farm animals:
(i) scalding 
(ii) singeing:
(iii) evisceration.

(b) Name four agents involved in the marketing of farm animals and animal products

(c) State five marketing functions that could be performed to facilitate the sale of chicken and eggs.

(d) Name three stages in the life cycle of a roundworm.

(e) Mention two methods of animal improvement.

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