What Are Crime, Deviance And Social Control?
Visão Geral
Spitting in the street, eating with your hands, marrying more than one person, dyeing your hair green: in one society these are perfectly normal, in another they are shocking, and in a third they will get you arrested. Sociologists draw a sharp line between breaking the law and simply breaking the unwritten rules of a group, and that line moves depending on where you are, who you are with and what year it is. This topic teaches you to think about rule-breaking the way an examiner wants: precisely, and without assuming your own culture sets the standard for everyone.
You will learn to define crime and deviance, to show how deviance is relative rather than fixed, and to map the agencies that keep us in line. Some are formal, with the power of the state behind them, such as the police and the courts. Others are informal and far more constant, such as a disapproving parent, a teacher's frown or a friend who stops messaging you. By the end you will be able to explain how a society holds itself together without most of us ever meeting a police officer.
Objetivos
- Definitions of crime and deviance.
- The relativity of crime and deviance: crime and deviance vary within and between societies, cultures, situations and across time.
- Formal agencies of social control: the police, courts, armed forces, government, penal system.
- How formal agencies control individuals and prevent crime and deviance.
- Informal agencies of social control: family, education, workplace, peer group, traditional and digital media, religion.
- How informal agencies control individuals and prevent crime and deviance.
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- Which statement best describes the difference between crime and deviance? A. They mean exactly the same thing B. Crime breaks the law; deviance breaks social norms C. Deviance is always illegal; crime is not D. Only crime brings social disapproval Answer: B
- A soldier who kills an enemy in wartime is usually honoured rather than punished. This best illustrates that deviance is relative to: A. social class B. the situation C. gender D. age Answer: B
- Which of the following is a FORMAL agency of social control? A. The peer group B. The family C. The courts D. Religion Answer: C
- Receiving a medal for bravery is an example of a: A. formal positive sanction B. informal negative sanction C. formal negative sanction D. informal positive sanction Answer: A
- The fact that tattoos were once widely disapproved of but are now mainstream shows that deviance varies: A. between cultures B. by situation C. over time D. by gender Answer: C
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"Introduction to Sociology 2e: Deviance and Control" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/7-1-deviance-and-control. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/1-introduction
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Crime and the Law
Identify and differentiate between different types of crimes
"Introduction to Sociology 2e: Crime and the Law" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/7-3-crime-and-the-law. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-sociology-2e/pages/1-introduction
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