JAMB UTME - Physics - 2023
Pergunta 1 Relatório
[Thermal conductivity of water (k) = 0.6071 Wm-1K-1]
Pergunta 2 Relatório
Three forces with magnitudes 16 N, 12 N and 21 N are shown in the diagram below. Determine the magnitude of their resultant force and angle with the x-axis
Detalhes da Resposta
Pergunta 3 Relatório
The working of the beam balance is based on the principle of
Detalhes da Resposta
The working of the beam balance is based on the principle of moments.
Moments, also known as torques, are a measure of the turning effect of a force. In the case of the beam balance, it is the moments that help determine the equilibrium or balance of the system.
The beam balance consists of a beam or lever that is supported at a pivot point called the fulcrum. On either end of the beam, there are pans where the objects to be weighed are placed.
When objects of different weights are placed on the pans, the beam becomes unbalanced. This causes the beam to tilt towards the side with the heavier object. However, in order to achieve equilibrium or balance, the moments on both sides of the beam must be equal.
The moment of a force is calculated by multiplying the magnitude of the force by the perpendicular distance from the point of rotation (the fulcrum) to the line of action of the force.
By adjusting the position of the counterweights or by moving the objects on the pans, the moment on each side of the beam can be balanced, resulting in the beam becoming level or horizontal. This indicates that the weights on both sides are equal.
Therefore, the beam balance operates on the principle of moments, where the balance is achieved by equalizing the moments on both sides of the fulcrum.
Pergunta 4 Relatório
A 400 N box is being pushed across a level floor at a constant speed by a force P of 100 N at an angle of 30.0° to the horizontal, as shown in the the diagram below. What is the coefficient of kinetic friction between the box and the floor?
Detalhes da Resposta
W = 400 N; P = 100 N; θ = 30o; μ = ?
Frictional force (Fr) = μR (where R is the normal reaction)
The forces acting along the horizontal direction are Fr and Px
∴ Pcos 30° - Fr = ma (Pcos 30° is acting in the +ve x-axis while Fr in the -ve x-axis)
⇒ 100cos 30° - μR = ma
Since the box is moving at constant speed, its acceleration is zero
⇒ 100cos 30° - μR = 0
⇒ 100cos 30o = μR ----- (i)
The forces acting in the vertical direction are W, Py and R
∴ R - Psin 30° - W = 0 (R is acting upward (+ve) while Py and W are acting downward (-ve) and they are at equilibrium)
⇒ R - 100sin 30° - 400 = 0
⇒ R = 100sin 30° + 400
⇒ R = 50 + 400 = 450 N
From equation (i)
⇒ 100cos 30° = 450μ
⇒μ=100cos30°
N = 100cos30°450
= μ = 0.19
Pergunta 5 Relatório
Rainbow formation is as a result of the combination of which of the following phenomena?
(i) Reflection
(ii) Dispersion
(iii) Total internal reflection
(iv) Refraction
Detalhes da Resposta
As light ray enters a drop of water the light is refracted at the surface and at the end of the drop, it is totally internally reflected in which the reflected light returns to the front surface, where it again undergoes refraction as it moves from water to air. The result of this is a dispersed light of colours of different wavelengths.
Pergunta 6 Relatório
In the diagram above, if the south poles of two magnets stroke a steel bar, the polarities at X and Y will respectively be
Detalhes da Resposta
The polarities at X and Y would be north and north.
Pergunta 7 Relatório
A charge of 4.6×10−5
C is placed in an electric field of intensity 3.2×104
Vm−1
. What is the force acting on the electron?
Detalhes da Resposta
To calculate the force acting on the charge in an electric field, we can use the formula: F = q * E Where: F is the force acting on the charge, q is the charge of the particle, and E is the electric field intensity. In this case, the charge is given as 4.6 × 10^(-5) C and the electric field intensity is given as 3.2 × 10^4 V/m. Substituting these values into the formula: F = (4.6 × 10^(-5) C) * (3.2 × 10^4 V/m) To multiply numbers in scientific notation, we multiply the coefficients and add the exponents: F = (4.6 * 3.2) * (10^(-5 + 4)) C * V/m F = 14.72 * 10^(-1) C * V/m To simplify, we can convert the result to standard form: F = 1.472 C * V/m Therefore, the force acting on the charge is **1.472 N**.
Pergunta 8 Relatório
From the diagram above, if the potential difference across the resistor, capacitor and inductor are 60V, 120V and 30V respectively, the effective potential difference is
Detalhes da Resposta
Pergunta 9 Relatório
Which of the following is a type of incandescent light source?
Detalhes da Resposta
The Tungsten filament lamp is a type of incandescent light source.
An incandescent light source works by using electricity to heat a filament inside the bulb until it becomes so hot that it emits light. In a tungsten filament lamp, the filament is made of tungsten, which is a metal that has a very high melting point. This allows the filament to get extremely hot without melting.
When an electric current passes through the filament, it heats up and starts to glow, producing visible light. The light emitted by a tungsten filament lamp is actually a result of the high temperature, which causes the atoms in the filament to vibrate and release energy in the form of light.
Incandescent light sources like tungsten filament lamps have been widely used for many years because they produce a warm, yellowish light that is similar to natural sunlight. However, they are not very energy-efficient, as a significant amount of the electrical energy is converted into heat rather than light.
In recent years, there has been a shift towards more energy-efficient alternatives like LED lamps and fluorescent lamps. LED lamps use a different mechanism to produce light, using a semiconductor that emits light when electric current passes through it. Fluorescent lamps use a gas-filled tube that emits ultraviolet light when electric current flows through it, and this ultraviolet light is then converted into visible light by a phosphor coating inside the tube.
So, in summary, the tungsten filament lamp is the type of incandescent light source among the options given. It works by heating a tungsten filament to a very high temperature, causing it to emit light. However, it is less energy-efficient compared to LED and fluorescent lamps.
Pergunta 10 Relatório
A 35 kΩ is connected in series with a resistance of 40 kΩ. What resistance R must be connected in parallel with the combination so that the equivalent resistance is equal to 25 kΩ?
Detalhes da Resposta
For the combination in series;
⇒R1 = 35kΩ + 40kΩ = 75kΩ
R is combined with 75kΩ in parallel to give 25kΩ
= 1Req
= 1R
+ 1R
= 125
= 1R
+ 175
= 125
- 175
+ 1R
= 3−175
= 1R
= 275
= 1R
= 752
= R
; R = 37.5k Ω
Pergunta 11 Relatório
The branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them is called:
Detalhes da Resposta
The branch of physics that deals with the motion of objects and the forces acting on them is called mechanics.
Mechanics is the foundation of physics that studies how objects move and interact under the influence of forces. It encompasses both the study of the motion of macroscopic objects, such as cars and planets, and the behavior of microscopic particles, such as atoms and molecules.
Mechanics is divided into two main branches:
- Classical mechanics: This branch deals with the motion of objects that are larger than atoms and are not moving near the speed of light. It includes the well-known laws of motion formulated by Sir Isaac Newton, such as Newton's laws of motion, which describe how the velocity and acceleration of an object are related to the forces acting upon it.
- Quantum mechanics: This branch deals with the behavior of particles at the atomic and subatomic levels. It is based on probabilities and wave-particle duality, rather than classical concepts of motion and force. Quantum mechanics is essential for our understanding of the behavior of electrons, photons, and other quantum particles.
Therefore, when referring to the branch of physics that specifically focuses on the motion of objects and the forces acting on them, the correct answer is mechanics.
Pergunta 12 Relatório
A step-down transformer is used on a 2.2 kV line to deliver 110 V. How many turns are on the primary windings if the secondary has 25 turns?
Detalhes da Resposta
To determine the number of turns on the primary winding of a step-down transformer, we need to understand how a transformer works and how the voltage is transformed from the primary to the secondary winding.
A transformer operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction. When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding.
The voltage ratio between the primary and secondary windings is determined by the ratio of the number of turns in each winding. This means that if we decrease the number of turns in the secondary winding compared to the primary winding, we can reduce the voltage output.
In this case, we are given that the secondary winding has 25 turns and we want to deliver 110 V. The primary winding has a higher voltage, which is 2.2 kV (kilovolts) or 2200 V.
To determine the number of turns on the primary winding, we can set up a simple equation using the voltage ratios:
Primary voltage / Secondary voltage = Primary winding turns / Secondary winding turns
Plugging in the values we have:
2200 V / 110 V = Primary winding turns / 25 turns
Simplifying the equation:
20 = Primary winding turns / 25
To solve for the number of turns on the primary winding, we can cross multiply:
20 x 25 = Primary winding turns
Therefore, the number of turns on the primary winding is 500.
So, the correct answer is 500.
Pergunta 13 Relatório
Which of the following materials is a good insulator?
Detalhes da Resposta
A good insulator is a material that does not easily allow heat or electricity to pass through it. It acts as a barrier, preventing the flow of heat or electricity. Out of the given options, rubber is a good insulator.
Rubber is made up of long chains of molecules that are closely packed together. These chains do not allow the easy movement of heat or electricity. This means that when heat or electricity tries to pass through rubber, it encounters resistance, making it difficult for it to flow.
In contrast, materials like silver, water, and copper are good conductors rather than insulators.
Silver is an excellent conductor of electricity and heat because its atoms have loosely bound electrons that are free to move. This allows for the easy transfer of heat or electricity throughout the material.
Water is also a good conductor of both heat and electricity. It contains charged particles called ions that can carry electric current. Additionally, water molecules are able to transfer heat through convection.
Copper is widely used in electrical wiring because it is an excellent conductor of electricity. Like silver, its atoms have free electrons that can move easily and transfer electrical energy.
Therefore, rubber is the material that serves as a good insulator, while silver, water, and copper are good conductors of heat and electricity.
Pergunta 14 Relatório
The near point of a patient's eye is 50.0 cm. What power (in diopters) must a corrective lens have to enable the eye to see clearly an object 25.0 cm away?
Pergunta 15 Relatório
An explosion occurs at an altitude of 312 m above the ground. If the air temperature is -10.00°C, how long does it take the sound to reach the ground?
[velocity of sound at 0 deg = 331 ms-1]
Pergunta 16 Relatório
A travelling wave of amplitude 0.80 m has a frequency of 16 Hz and a wave speed of 20 ms-1
Calculate the wave number of the wave.
Detalhes da Resposta
The wave number of a wave is defined as the number of wavelengths per unit distance. It represents the spatial frequency of the wave.
In this case, the wave has a frequency of 16 Hz, which means it completes 16 cycles or oscillations per second. Each cycle corresponds to one wavelength.
The wave speed is given as 20 m/s, which is the speed at which the wave propagates through the medium.
To calculate the wave number, we can use the formula:
Wave number (k) = 2? / wavelength (?)
First, we need to find the wavelength of the wave. We can use the formula:
Wave speed (v) = frequency (f) x wavelength (?)
Rewriting the formula, we have:
Wavelength (?) = wave speed (v) / frequency (f)
Substituting the given values, we have:
Wavelength (?) = 20 m/s / 16 Hz
Simplifying the expression, we get:
Wavelength (?) = 1.25 m
Now, we can calculate the wave number using the formula:
Wave number (k) = 2? / wavelength (?)
Substituting the value of the wavelength, we get:
Wave number (k) = 2? / 1.25 m
Simplifying the expression, we get:
Wave number (k) ? 5.03
Therefore, the wave number of the wave is approximately 5.
Pergunta 17 Relatório
The pinhole camera works on
Detalhes da Resposta
The pinhole camera works on the principle of the rectilinear propagation of light. This principle states that light travels in straight lines. When light passes through the tiny hole in a pinhole camera, it forms an inverted image on the opposite side of the camera. The size of the image depends on the distance between the object and the pinhole.
Pergunta 18 Relatório
The property of wave shown in the diagram above is?
Detalhes da Resposta
The property of the wave shown in the diagram is diffraction.
Diffraction is the bending or spreading out of waves as they encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening. It occurs when waves encounter an obstacle that is comparable in size to their wavelength.
In the diagram, you can see that the wave is encountering an opening or a slit, and as a result, it is spreading out or bending around the edges of the opening. This bending or spreading out is characteristic of diffraction.
Diffraction is an important phenomenon in wave behavior and is observed in various situations, such as when sound waves pass through a doorway or when light waves pass through a narrow slit. It helps us understand how waves interact with obstacles and openings in their path.
In summary, the property of the wave shown in the diagram is diffraction, which is the bending or spreading out of waves as they encounter an obstacle or pass through an opening.
Pergunta 19 Relatório
Which of the following statements is correct about the angle of dip at various points on Earth?
Detalhes da Resposta
The correct statement about the angle of dip at various points on Earth is: The angle of dip is zero at the equator and 90 degrees at the magnetic poles.
The angle of dip, also known as the inclination, refers to the angle between the Earth's magnetic field lines and the horizontal plane at a specific location. It tells us how much the magnetic field lines of the Earth are inclined or tilted at that point.
At the equator, the angle of dip is zero. This means that the magnetic field lines are parallel to the horizontal plane. As we move closer to the magnetic poles, the angle of dip increases. At the magnetic poles, the angle of dip is 90 degrees, indicating that the magnetic field lines are perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
The second statement that the angle of dip is greater at higher altitudes than at lower altitudes is incorrect. The angle of dip is primarily affected by the latitude or distance from the equator and the proximity to the magnetic poles, rather than the altitude. So, the angle of dip remains consistent at a specific latitude regardless of the altitude above sea level.
The third statement that the angle of dip is positive in the northern hemisphere and negative in the southern hemisphere is also incorrect. The angle of dip is positive in the northern hemisphere and negative in the southern hemisphere. This means that the magnetic field lines are inclined downwards in the northern hemisphere and upwards in the southern hemisphere.
The fourth statement that the angle of dip is constant at all points on Earth is incorrect as well. The angle of dip varies depending on the latitude and the proximity to the magnetic poles, as explained earlier. So, it is not constant across all points on Earth.
To summarize, the correct statement is that the angle of dip is zero at the equator and 90 degrees at the magnetic poles. It is important to note that the angle of dip is not affected by altitude but is primarily determined by latitude and proximity to the magnetic poles.
Pergunta 20 Relatório
The electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is
Detalhes da Resposta
The electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is **potassium hydroxide solution**.
In a Nickel-Iron accumulator, the electrolyte is the substance that allows the flow of electric current between the electrodes. It is essential for the proper functioning of the accumulator.
Potassium hydroxide solution is the ideal electrolyte for the NiFe accumulator due to its properties. It has good electrical conductivity, which means it allows the movement of ions between the positive and negative electrodes, enabling the flow of electrons and facilitating the charging and discharging process.
In addition to good conductivity, potassium hydroxide solution also has other beneficial properties for the NiFe accumulator. It is stable, ensuring a longer lifespan for the accumulator. It is also less prone to self-discharge, meaning the accumulator can retain its charge for a longer period without significant loss.
Therefore, the electrolyte used in the Nickel-Iron (NiFe) accumulator is potassium hydroxide solution.
Pergunta 21 Relatório
Which of the following is/are not true about the heat capacity of a substance?
(i) It is an intensive property
(ii) Its S.I unit is jK−1
(iii) It is an extensive property
(iv) Its S.I unit is jkg−1
Detalhes da Resposta
The correct answer is (ii) and (iii) only. The heat capacity of a substance is a measure of how much heat energy is required to raise the temperature of the substance by a certain amount. It is an important property in thermodynamics. (i) It is not true that heat capacity is an intensive property. Intensive properties do not depend on the size or amount of the substance. For example, density and temperature are intensive properties. However, heat capacity does depend on the size or amount of the substance. The heat capacity of a substance increases with its mass or amount. Therefore, statement (i) is false. (ii) It is true that the SI unit of heat capacity is joules per kelvin (J/K). Heat capacity is defined as the amount of heat energy (in joules) required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1 degree kelvin. Therefore, statement (ii) is true. (iii) It is not true that heat capacity is an extensive property. Extensive properties depend on the size or amount of the substance. Examples of extensive properties include mass and volume. However, heat capacity is an intensive property as explained earlier. Therefore, statement (iii) is false. (iv) It is true that the SI unit of heat capacity is joules per kilogram per kelvin (J/(kg·K)). This unit is commonly used for specific heat capacity, which is the heat capacity per unit mass. Therefore, statement (iv) is true. In summary, the correct statement is that (ii) and (iii) are not true about the heat capacity of a substance.
Pergunta 22 Relatório
An air bubble of radius 4.5 cm initially at a depth of 12 m below the water surface rises to the surface. If the atmospheric pressure is equal to 10.34 m of water, the radius of the bubble just before it reaches the water surface is
Pergunta 23 Relatório
Which of the following thermometers measures temperature from the thermal radiation emitted by objects?
Detalhes da Resposta
A pyrometer thermometer measures temperature from the thermal radiation emitted by objects.
When objects are heated, they emit thermal radiation, which is a form of electromagnetic radiation. This radiation is primarily in the infrared wavelength range. A pyrometer thermometer is specifically designed to measure the intensity of this thermal radiation and convert it into a temperature reading.
The pyrometer thermometer works based on the principle of measuring the amount of thermal radiation reaching the sensor. This is done using a detector that is sensitive to the infrared wavelength range. The detector absorbs the thermal radiation emitted by the object and generates an electrical signal proportional to the intensity of the radiation.
The electrical signal from the detector is then processed by the thermometer's electronics to calculate and display the corresponding temperature. The calibration of the thermometer ensures accurate temperature readings based on the known relationship between the intensity of thermal radiation and temperature.
Pyrometer thermometers are commonly used in industrial applications where contact-based temperature measurement methods are not feasible or accurate enough. They can measure temperatures of objects from a distance without physically touching them, which makes them suitable for measuring high temperatures, moving objects, or objects in hazardous or inaccessible environments.
Therefore, the pyrometer thermometer is the correct option for measuring temperature from thermal radiation emitted by objects.
Pergunta 24 Relatório
Which of the following liquids has the highest surface tension?
Detalhes da Resposta
Surface tension is a property of liquids that arises due to the cohesive forces between the molecules at the surface. It can be thought of as the "skin" or "film" that forms on the surface of a liquid.
Considering the options given:
- Soapy water: Soapy water contains soap molecules that can disrupt the cohesive forces between water molecules, reducing the surface tension. Therefore, soapy water is likely to have a lower surface tension compared to other liquids.
- Water: Water molecules have strong cohesive forces, allowing them to form hydrogen bonds with each other. As a result, water has relatively high surface tension.
- Mercury: Mercury is a metal with metallic bonding, which is much stronger than the cohesive forces in liquids. As a result, mercury has very high surface tension.
- Oil: Oils typically consist of nonpolar molecules, which have weaker cohesive forces compared to polar molecules like water. Therefore, oil generally has lower surface tension than water.
Based on this information, we can conclude that mercury has the highest surface tension among these liquids.
Pergunta 25 Relatório
On a particular hot day, the temperature is 40°C and the partial pressure of water vapor in the air is 38.8 mmHg. What is the relative humidity?
Detalhes da Resposta
To calculate the relative humidity, we need to understand the concept of saturation and how much water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature.
Saturation is the point at which the air is holding the maximum amount of water vapor it can hold at a particular temperature. Once the air reaches saturation, any additional moisture will start to condense into liquid water.
The amount of water vapor that the air can hold increases with temperature. Warmer air can hold more water vapor, while cooler air can hold less.
Now, let's calculate the relative humidity using the given information:
1. Find the saturation vapor pressure at 40°C: - The saturation vapor pressure is the maximum amount of water vapor the air can hold at a specific temperature. - At 40°C, the saturation vapor pressure is approximately 55.3 mmHg.
2. Calculate the relative humidity: - Relative humidity is the ratio of the current partial pressure of water vapor to the saturation vapor pressure, expressed as a percentage. - Relative Humidity = (Partial pressure of water vapor / Saturation vapor pressure) * 100 - In this case, the partial pressure of water vapor is 38.8 mmHg and the saturation vapor pressure at 40°C is 55.3 mmHg. - Plugging in these values into the formula, we get: Relative Humidity = (38.8 mmHg / 55.3 mmHg) * 100 = 70.2%
Therefore, the relative humidity on this particular hot day is approximately 70%.
Answer: The correct option is 70.
Pergunta 26 Relatório
A 200 kg load is raised using a 110 m long lever as shown in the diagram above. The load is 10m from the pivot P. If the efficiency of the the lever is 80%, find the effort E required to lift the load.
[Take g = 10ms-2]
Detalhes da Resposta
To find the effort E required to lift the load, we first need to understand the concept of mechanical efficiency in levers.
A lever is a simple machine that consists of a rigid beam (lever arm) that pivots around a fixed point called the fulcrum. In this case, the fulcrum is point P.
The mechanical efficiency of a lever is defined as the ratio of the output work done (load lifted) to the input work done (effort applied). Mathematically, it can be expressed as:
Efficiency = (Output Work / Input Work) * 100%
In this problem, the load is the output work and the effort is the input work.
Given: Load = 200 kg Length of lever (distance between fulcrum and load) = 10 m Efficiency = 80% Gravitational acceleration (g) = 10 m/s^2
To calculate the effort, let's first calculate the output work:
Output Work = Load * Distance lifted
The distance lifted is equal to the length of the lever arm, which is 10 m.
Output Work = 200 kg * 10 m = 2000 kg·m
Since 1 kg·m is equivalent to 10 J (1 Joule), we can convert the units:
Output Work = 2000 kg·m * 10 J/kg·m = 20000 J
Now, let's calculate the input work:
Input Work = Effort * Distance moved by the effort
The distance moved by the effort is the length of the lever arm, which is 110 m.
Input Work = Effort * 110 m
Using the formula for mechanical efficiency, we can rewrite it as:
Efficiency = (Output Work / Input Work) * 100%
Solving for the effort:
Effort = (Output Work / (Efficiency/100)) / Distance moved by the effort
Effort = (20000 J / (80/100)) / 110 m
Simplifying the equation:
Effort = (20000 J / 0.8) / 110 m
Effort = 250 J / m
Given that g = 10 m/s^2, we know that 1 N = 1 kg·m/s^2. Therefore, we can convert the units:
Effort = (250 J / m) / (1 kg·m/s^2 / 1 N)
Effort = 250 N
Therefore, the effort E required to lift the load is 250 N.
Pergunta 27 Relatório
Which of the following is NOT an example of elementary modern physics?
Detalhes da Resposta
Classical mechanics is a branch of physics that deals with the motion of macroscopic objects. It is based on the principles of Newton's laws of motion and is not considered to be part of elementary modern physics.
The other three options, quantum mechanics, special relativity, and nuclear physics, are all considered to be part of elementary modern physics because they deal with the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels.
Pergunta 28 Relatório
Which of the following is NOT a limitation of experimental measurements?
Detalhes da Resposta
Instrument resolution is not a limitation of experimental measurements. It is the smallest change in a measured quantity that can be detected by an instrument. While instrument resolution limits the accuracy of a measurement, it is not a limitation of experimental measurements itself.
Pergunta 29 Relatório
A positively charged particle is placed near a negatively charged particle. What is the direction of the electric force between the two particles?
Detalhes da Resposta
The correct answer is The electric force is directed from the positive particle to the negative particle.
When a positively charged particle is placed near a negatively charged particle, they exert an attractive force on each other. This force is called the electric force.
According to Coulomb's Law, the electric force between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
In this case, the positively charged particle has a positive charge and the negatively charged particle has a negative charge. Since opposite charges attract each other, the electric force between them is attractive.
Therefore, the electric force is directed from the positive particle to the negative particle.
Pergunta 30 Relatório
The number of holes in an intrinsic semiconductor
Detalhes da Resposta
The number of holes in an intrinsic semiconductor is equal to the number of free electrons.
In an intrinsic semiconductor, the valence band is completely filled with electrons. However, due to thermal energy, some of these electrons can gain enough energy to jump to the conduction band, leaving behind holes in the valence band.
For every electron that moves to the conduction band, a hole is created in the valence band. Since the number of electrons and holes is equal, the number of holes in an intrinsic semiconductor is equal to the number of free electrons.
Therefore, the correct option is: is equal to the number of free electrons.
Pergunta 31 Relatório
A lorry accelerates uniformly in a straight line with acceleration of 4ms-1 and covers a distance of 250 m in a time interval of 10 s. How far will it travel in the next 10 s?
Detalhes da Resposta
Pergunta 32 Relatório
An open-tube mercury manometer is used to measure the pressure in a gas tank. When the atmospheric pressure is 101,325 Pa
, what is the absolute pressure in Pa
in the tank if the height of the mercury in the open tube is 25 cm higher
Pergunta 33 Relatório
Which of the following is an example of a couple?
Detalhes da Resposta
A couple is a pair of forces that are equal in magnitude but opposite in direction, and that are applied to a body at different points. The forces of a couple do not produce any translation, but they do produce a rotation.
Pergunta 34 Relatório
A generator manufacturing company accidentally made an AC generator instead of a DC generator. To fix this error,
Detalhes da Resposta
An AC generator uses slip rings to transfer the induced current smoothly to the circuit. A DC generator uses split rings to transfer the induced current to the circuit and also convert the induced AC into pulsating DC. So, to convert an AC generator into a DC generator, the slip rings needs to be replaced with split rings.
Pergunta 35 Relatório
Light of wavelength 589 nm in vacuum passes through a piece of fused quartz of index of refraction n = 1.458. What is the frequency of the light in fused quartz?
[Speed of light c = 3 *10^8ms-1]
Pergunta 36 Relatório
The sensitivity of a thermometer is
Detalhes da Resposta
The sensitivity of a thermometer refers to the smallest temperature change that it can detect or measure. In other words, it measures how fine or precise the thermometer is in detecting changes in temperature. A thermometer with high sensitivity is able to detect even small changes in temperature, while a thermometer with low sensitivity may only detect larger temperature fluctuations.
Therefore, in the given options, the statement "the smallest temperature change that can be detected or measured" accurately describes the sensitivity of a thermometer.
Pergunta 37 Relatório
A man swung an object of mass 2 kg in a circular path with a rope 1.2 m long. If the object was swung at 120 rev/min, find the tension in the rope.
Detalhes da Resposta
To find the tension in the rope, we can first use the formula for centripetal force, which is given by:
F_centripetal = (m * v^2) / r
where: - F_centripetal is the centripetal force - m is the mass of the object - v is the velocity of the object - r is the radius of the circular path
In this case, the mass of the object (m) is given as 2 kg and the radius (r) is given as 1.2 m.
Now, to find the velocity (v), we need to convert the given value of 120 rev/min to m/s.
Here's how we can do that:
1. First, convert the revolutions per minute (rev/min) to revolutions per second (rev/s) by dividing by 60 (since there are 60 seconds in a minute):
120 rev/min = 120/60 rev/s = 2 rev/s
2. Next, we need to convert the revolutions per second to the linear velocity in meters per second (m/s). To do this, we need to find the circumference of the circular path.
The circumference of a circle is given by the formula:
C = 2πr where r is the radius of the circular path.
Substituting the value of the radius (r = 1.2 m) into the formula, we have:
C = 2π * 1.2 = 2.4π Now, to find the linear velocity (v), we can multiply the circumference (C) by the number of revolutions per second (2 rev/s):
v = C * rev/s = 2.4π * 2 = 4.8π m/s
Now that we have the values of m (2 kg) and v (4.8π m/s), we can substitute them into the centripetal force formula to find the tension in the rope:
F_centripetal = (m * v^2) / r = (2 * (4.8π)^2) / 1.2
Simplifying further:
F_centripetal = (2 * 23.04π^2) / 1.2
F_centripetal = 38.4π^2
Finally, to get a numerical value for the tension in the rope, we can approximate the value of π to 3.14 and calculate the centripetal force:
F_centripetal ≈ 38.4 * 3.14^2 ≈ 379 N
Therefore, the tension in the rope is approximately 379 N.
Therefore, the correct answer is 379.
Pergunta 38 Relatório
What is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a 0.02 kg of ice cube from −10oC to 10oC ?
[specific latent heat of fusion of ice = 3.34 x 105 Jkg−1, Specific heat capacity of water = 4200 Jkg−1 k−1
Specific heat capacity of ice = 2100 Jkg−1k−1
Pergunta 39 Relatório
A metal sphere is placed on an insulating stand. A negatively charged rod is brought close to it. If the sphere is earthed and the rod is taken away, what will be the charge on the sphere?
Detalhes da Resposta
When a negatively charged rod is brought close to a metal sphere, the free electrons in the sphere are repelled from the rod and move to the other end of the sphere. This creates a region of positive charge on the side of the sphere closest to the rod, and a region of negative charge on the opposite side. The process of charge distribution stops when the net force on the free electrons inside the metal is equal to zero.
If the sphere is then earthed, the free electrons will flow from the sphere to the ground, leaving the sphere with a net positive charge.
Pergunta 40 Relatório
Calculate the absolute pressure at the bottom of a lake at a depth of 32.8 m. Assume the density of the water is 1 x 10-3 kgm-3 and the air above is at a pressure of 101.3 kPa.
[Take g = 9.8 ms-2]
