Polymers
Overzicht
Plastics are everywhere, from drink bottles to clothing, and almost all of them are polymers: giant molecules built by joining thousands of small units together. Understanding how these long chains form, from simple alkenes, explains both their usefulness and their environmental challenges.
In this lesson you will learn what a polymer and a monomer are, how many alkene monomers join by addition polymerisation to make a polymer such as poly(ethene), and why the strength of these molecules also makes their waste so hard to dispose of.
Doelstellingen
- Define polymers as large molecules built up from many smaller molecules called monomers.
- Describe the formation of poly(ethene) as an example of addition polymerisation using ethene monomers.
- State that plastics are made from polymers.
- Describe how the properties of plastics have implications for their disposal.
- Describe the environmental challenges caused by plastics, limited to: (a) disposal in landfill sites (b) accumulation in oceans (c) formation of toxic gases from burning.
- [Supplement] Identify the repeat units and / or linkages in addition polymers and in condensation polymers.
- [Supplement] Deduce the structure or repeat unit of an addition polymer from a given alkene and vice versa.
- [Supplement] Deduce the structure or repeat unit of a condensation polymer from given monomers and vice versa, limited to: (a) polyamides from a dicarboxylic acid and a diamine (b) polyesters from a dicarboxylic acid and a diol.
- [Supplement] Describe the differences between addition and condensation polymerisation.
- [Supplement] Describe and draw the structure of: (a) nylon, a polyamide O O O O C C N N C C N N H H H H (b) PET, a polyester O O O O C C O O C C O O The full name for PET, polyethylene terephthalate, is not required.
- [Supplement] State that PET can be converted back into monomers and re-polymerised.
- [Supplement] Describe and draw the structure of proteins as: H O H O N C N C N C H O.
Lesnotitie
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Lesevaluatie
Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op Polymers. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.
Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.
Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.
- A polymer is a large molecule made by joining many: A. Atoms of one element B. Monomers C. Salts D. Acids Answer: B
- The monomer used to make poly(ethene) is: A. Ethane B. Ethene C. Ethanol D. Ethanoic acid Answer: B
- In addition polymerisation, the monomers join because their: A. -OH groups react B. Double bonds open C. Single bonds break D. Acids neutralise Answer: B
- In addition polymerisation, the number of products formed is: A. Only the polymer B. The polymer and water C. The polymer and carbon dioxide D. Two polymers Answer: A
- A major environmental problem with addition polymers is that they: A. Dissolve in water B. Do not break down easily C. Evaporate quickly D. React with air Answer: B
Beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Download de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor toegang tot volledige lesnotities, oefenvragen en meer.
Beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Download de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor toegang tot volledige lesnotities, oefenvragen en meer.
Aanbevolen Boeken
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