Ecosystems
Overzicht
A rock pool, a patch of rainforest and the open ocean look nothing alike, yet each is an ecosystem: a community of living things and the non-living surroundings they depend on, all linked by the steady flow of energy and the endless recycling of matter. Pull on one thread, such as removing a top predator or a single insect, and the whole web can shift in ways no one predicted. Understanding how an ecosystem fits together is the first step to managing it without breaking it.
In this lesson you will meet the building blocks of an ecosystem, from habitat and niche to producers, consumers and decomposers, and the biotic and abiotic factors that shape life. You will trace energy through food chains, food webs and trophic levels, learn why only about a tenth of it passes between levels, and follow carbon as it cycles through photosynthesis, respiration, feeding, decomposition and combustion.
Doelstellingen
- 5.1.1 Describe the components of an ecosystem, limited to: (a) habitat (b) species (c) population (d) community (e) niche (f) prey (g) predator (h) apex predator.
- 5.1.2 Describe the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem, limited to: (a) biotic (living): producers, primary, secondary and tertiary consumers and decomposers (b) abiotic (non-living): temperature, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, salinity, light, pH.
- 5.1.3 Describe biotic interactions, limited to: (a) native and invasive species (b) competition (c) predation (d) pollination.
- 5.1.4 Describe pollination, limited to: (a) the transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma (b) insect pollination by an insect pollinator (c) wind pollination (d) pollination leads to fertilisation followed by seed and fruit formation. Knowledge of the structure and naming of flower parts are not required.
- 5.1.5 Describe the process of photosynthesis and the importance of chlorophyll, limited to: (a) synthesis of glucose using carbon dioxide and water (b) sunlight as the source of energy (c) chlorophyll to capture light energy (d) word equation: carbon dioxide + water → glucose + oxygen.
- 5.1.6 Describe and interpret energy flow using food chains, food webs and trophic levels, limited to: (a) 10% of energy is passed between trophic levels (producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer) (b) energy lost during life processes: movement, respiration, digestion and excretion.
- 5.1.7 Describe, interpret and explain ecological pyramids based on numbers and energy.
- 5.1.8 Describe the process of aerobic respiration, limited to: (a) break down of glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy, with carbon dioxide and water as waste products (b) word equation: glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water.
- 5.1.9 Describe the carbon cycle, limited to: (a) photosynthesis (b) respiration (c) feeding (d) decomposition (e) formation of fossil fuels (f) combustion.
Lesnotitie
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Lesevaluatie
Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op Ecosystems. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.
Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.
Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.
- All the individuals of one species living in an area are called a: A. community B. population C. habitat D. niche Answer: B
- Which of these is an abiotic component of an ecosystem? A. a decomposer B. a producer C. salinity D. a herbivore Answer: C
- Approximately what percentage of energy passes from one trophic level to the next? A. 1% B. 10% C. 50% D. 90% Answer: B
- In a food chain the arrows show the direction of: A. energy flow B. water movement C. predator escape D. decay Answer: A
- Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? A. respiration B. combustion C. photosynthesis D. decomposition Answer: C
Beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Download de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor toegang tot volledige lesnotities, oefenvragen en meer.
Beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Download de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor toegang tot volledige lesnotities, oefenvragen en meer.
Aanbevolen Boeken
Oefen Proefexamenvragen
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