Rural Environments Have Contrasting Physical, Social And Economic Characteristics And Are Experiencing Significant Changes
Overzicht
Two villages, both rural, both losing young people. In Cornwall the houses they leave behind are bought as holiday lets and the population rises. In rural Bihar the houses stay in the family and the young men send money home from Delhi. Same headline, opposite geography.
This topic gives you the vocabulary to describe any rural area precisely, then takes you through the forces reshaping the countryside in a named developed country and in a named developing or emerging country. Edexcel awards marks for specific, accurate, named detail, so the two case studies here are the part worth learning properly.
Doelstellingen
- Characteristics of a rural environment: landscape, climate, settlement, population, land use, employment, accessibility, management (development or conservation)
- Factors leading to rural changes in a named developed country: rural isolation, decline in farm employment, tourist pressures, suburbanisation, counter-urbanisation, and the negative multiplier effect
- Factors leading to rural changes in a named developing country or emerging country: population growth, changing farm economy and landholdings, natural hazards, and rural-urban migration
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- Which process describes people moving from large cities to live in rural villages? A) Suburbanisation B) Counter-urbanisation C) Urbanisation D) Re-urbanisation Answer: B
- Approximately what proportion of Bihar's population lived in rural areas at the 2011 census? A) 45 per cent B) 62 per cent C) 89 per cent D) 99 per cent Answer: C
- Which of the following best describes the negative multiplier effect in a rural area? A) A single factory closure with no wider consequences B) A spiral in which job losses cause service closures that cause further out-migration C) The growth of population caused by retirement migration D) The seasonal doubling of population caused by tourism Answer: B
- Why does second-home ownership tend to reduce housing affordability for local people in rural Cornwall? A) It increases the total number of dwellings available B) Buyers compete using incomes earned outside the county while local wages remain low C) It forces the council to build more social housing D) It reduces the price of land for developers Answer: B
- Which factor has most directly reduced the average size of farm holdings in rural India? A) Government purchase of farmland for industry B) Division of land between heirs at each generation C) The introduction of higher-yielding seed varieties D) A fall in the rural birth rate Answer: B
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