Co-ordination And Response
Overzicht
Your pupils shrink when you step into bright sunlight. A seedling curves toward a window. Your hand jerks away from a hot surface before you even feel the pain. All of these are coordinated responses, where a stimulus is detected, a signal is sent, and an effector carries out a precise action.
This topic explores how organisms detect and respond to changes in their environment through nervous and hormonal systems. You will learn about homeostasis, plant tropisms and auxin, the structure and function of the nervous system and the eye, reflex arcs, temperature regulation by the skin, and the roles of five key hormones.
Doelstellingen
- Understand how organisms are able to respond to changes in their environment
- Understand that homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment
- Understand that a co-ordinated response requires a stimulus, a receptor and an effector
- Understand that plants respond to stimuli
- Describe the geotropic and phototropic responses of roots and stems
- Understand the role of auxin in the phototropic response of stems
- Describe how nervous and hormonal communication control responses and understand the differences between the two systems
- Understand that the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord and is linked to sense organs by nerves
- Understand that stimulation of receptors in the sense organs sends electrical impulses along nerves into and out of the central nervous system
- Understand the role of neurotransmitters at synapses
- Describe the structure and functioning of a simple reflex arc
- Describe the structure and function of the eye as a receptor
- Understand the function of the eye in focusing on near and distant objects and in responding to changes in light intensity
- Describe the role of the skin in temperature regulation, with reference to sweating, vasoconstriction and vasodilation
- Understand the sources, roles and effects of the following hormones: adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen
Mindmap
Dit onderwerp is in kaart gebracht zodat je ziet hoe de ideeen samenhangen.
Open de mindmap in de app
Flashcards
Snelle geheugentraining op wat bij dit onderwerp getoetst wordt.
Oefen deze kaarten in de app
Lesnotitie
Volledige lesnotitie beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Installeer de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor de volledige IGCSE-bibliotheek: examens uit voorgaande jaren, correctiemodellen, mindmaps, flashcards en audiolessen.
Lesevaluatie
Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op Co-ordination And Response. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.
Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.
Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.
- What is homeostasis? A) The ability to move in response to a stimulus B) The maintenance of a constant internal environment C) The process of growth and development D) The removal of waste products Answer: B
- In a reflex arc, which type of neurone carries impulses from the receptor to the CNS? A) Motor neurone B) Relay neurone C) Sensory neurone D) Connector neurone Answer: C
- Auxin promotes cell elongation in shoots. What happens when light comes from one side? A) Auxin moves to the lit side, causing bending away from light B) Auxin moves to the shaded side, causing bending toward light C) Auxin is destroyed by light D) Auxin has no effect on the direction of growth Answer: B
- Which hormone is produced by the pancreas and lowers blood glucose? A) Adrenaline B) Testosterone C) Insulin D) Oestrogen Answer: C
- When focusing on a near object, the ciliary muscles: A) Relax, making the lens thinner B) Contract, making the lens thicker C) Relax, making the lens thicker D) Contract, making the lens thinner Answer: B
Maak deze vragen in de app
Maak deze vragen in de app
Verder leren met open bronnen
-
Leerboekparagraaf
Plant Sensory Systems and Responses
Describe how red and blue light affect plant growth and metabolic activities
"Biology: Plant Sensory Systems and Responses" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/30-6-plant-sensory-systems-and-responses. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
-
Leerboekparagraaf
The Central Nervous System
Identify the spinal cord, cerebral lobes, and other brain areas on a diagram of the brain
"Biology: The Central Nervous System" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/35-3-the-central-nervous-system. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Gepubliceerd door andere organisaties onder open licenties, vermeld zoals zij vragen. Links openen hun websites.
Oefen Proefexamenvragen
Wilt u proefexamenvragen over Co-ordination And Response oefenen? Download de Green Bridge CBT-app voor toegang tot proefexamenvragen en volledige oefentoetsen over dit onderwerp.
Download de app in de Google Playstore
Alles wat je nodig hebt om uit te blinken in JAMB, WAEC en NECO.
