The Mixed Economy
Overzicht
Who decides how many hospitals get built, what price a loaf of bread sells for, or whether a struggling railway keeps running? In almost every real economy, the answer is a mixture: some decisions are left to private businesses chasing profit, and others are taken by government acting in the public interest.
In this lesson you will place economies on a spectrum from free market to command, compare how the private and public sectors are owned, controlled and run, and see why market failure gives government a job to do. You will also examine privatisation, the sale of state-owned businesses into private hands, and weigh up its effects on everyone it touches. These ideas open Paper 1 and are a favourite source of data-response questions.
Doelstellingen
- Definition of mixed economy
- Definition of public and private sector
- Difference between public and private sectors in terms of ownership, control and aims
- How the problems of what to produce, how to produce and for whom to produce are solved in the mixed economy
- Concept of market failure - linked to inefficient allocation of resources
- Why governments might need to intervene because of market failure
- Definition of public goods - non-excludability, non-rivalry and how this causes the free rider problem
- The role of the public sector and private sectors in the production of goods and services
- The relative importance of public sector and private sector in different economies
- Definition of privatisation
- Effects of privatisation on consumers, workers, businesses, government
Mindmap
Dit onderwerp is in kaart gebracht zodat je ziet hoe de ideeen samenhangen.
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Flashcards
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Lesnotitie
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Lesevaluatie
Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op The Mixed Economy. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.
Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.
Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.
- Which type of economy relies almost entirely on the private sector to answer the three economic questions? A) Command economy B) Market economy C) Mixed economy D) Planned economy Answer: B
- Which of the following is a characteristic of a public good? A) It can be sold to one individual at a time B) Consumption by one person reduces the amount available to others C) It is non-excludable and non-rival D) It is always provided by the private sector Answer: C
- A government sells a state-owned electricity company to private shareholders. This is an example of: A) Nationalisation B) Contracting out C) Privatisation D) Market failure Answer: C
- Which of the following is most likely to be classified as market failure? A) A private bakery raises its prices when demand increases B) A factory pollutes a river and pays no compensation to local fishermen C) A supermarket offers a discount on fruit D) A company increases wages to attract more staff Answer: B
- Which of the following is most likely to be an argument in favour of nationalisation? A) It exposes a business to more competition B) It always reduces government spending C) It can protect an essential service that a private owner will not run profitably D) It removes the need for any government regulation Answer: C
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Aanbevolen Boeken
Verder leren met open bronnen
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Leerboekparagraaf
Public Goods
Identify a public good using nonexcludable and non-rival as criteria
"Principles of Economics 2e: Public Goods" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/principles-economics-2e/pages/13-3-public-goods. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/principles-economics-2e/pages/1-introduction
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Leerboekparagraaf
How To Organize Economies: An Overview of Economic Systems
Contrast traditional economies, command economies, and market economies
"Principles of Economics 2e: How To Organize Economies: An Overview of Economic Systems" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/principles-economics-2e/pages/1-4-how-to-organize-economies-an-overview-of-economic-systems. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/principles-economics-2e/pages/1-introduction
Gepubliceerd door andere organisaties onder open licenties, vermeld zoals zij vragen. Links openen hun websites.
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