Co-ordination And Response
Overzicht
Your body is constantly responding to changes both inside and outside it. When you step on something sharp, your foot lifts before you even feel pain. When your blood sugar rises after a meal, hormones bring it back down. Even a plant bending toward a window is co-ordinating a response. All of these examples depend on detecting a stimulus and producing an appropriate response.
In this lesson you will explore how the nervous and hormonal systems work, how the eye and reflex arcs function, how plants respond to light and gravity, and how the body maintains a stable internal environment through homeostasis. This is one of the broadest topics in the Edexcel specification and appears regularly on both papers.
Doelstellingen
- Understand how organisms are able to respond to changes in their environment
- Understand that homeostasis is the maintenance of a constant internal environment, and that body water content and body temperature are both examples of homeostasis
- Understand that a co-ordinated response requires a stimulus, a receptor and an effector
- Understand that plants respond to stimuli
- Describe the geotropic and phototropic responses of roots and stems
- Understand the role of auxin in the phototropic response of stems
- Describe how nervous and hormonal communication control responses and understand the differences between the two systems
- Understand that the central nervous system consists of the brain and spinal cord and is linked to sense organs by nerves
- Understand that stimulation of receptors in the sense organs sends electrical impulses along nerves into and out of the central nervous system, resulting in rapid responses
- Understand the role of neurotransmitters at synapses
- Describe the structure and functioning of a simple reflex arc illustrated by the withdrawal of a finger from a hot object
- Describe the structure and function of the eye as a receptor
- Understand the function of the eye in focusing on near and distant objects, and in responding to changes in light intensity
- Describe the role of the skin in temperature regulation, with reference to sweating, vasoconstriction and vasodilation
- Understand the sources, roles and effects of the following hormones: adrenaline, insulin, testosterone, progesterone and oestrogen
- Understand the sources, roles and effects of the following hormones: ADH, FSH and LH
Mindmap
Dit onderwerp is in kaart gebracht zodat je ziet hoe de ideeen samenhangen.
Open de mindmap in de app
Flashcards
Snelle geheugentraining op wat bij dit onderwerp getoetst wordt.
Oefen deze kaarten in de app
Lesnotitie
Volledige lesnotitie beschikbaar in de Green Bridge-app
Installeer de Green Bridge CBT-app op je telefoon of computer voor de volledige IGCSE-bibliotheek: examens uit voorgaande jaren, correctiemodellen, mindmaps, flashcards en audiolessen.
Lesevaluatie
Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op Co-ordination And Response. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.
Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.
Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.
- In a reflex arc, which neurone connects the sensory neurone to the motor neurone? A) Effector neurone B) Relay neurone C) Receptor neurone D) Connector neurone Answer: B
- Which hormone lowers blood glucose levels? A) Glucagon B) Adrenaline C) Insulin D) ADH Answer: C
- When looking at a near object, the ciliary muscles: A) Relax, making the lens thin B) Contract, making the lens fat C) Relax, making the lens fat D) Contract, making the lens thin Answer: B
- What is the role of auxin in phototropism? A) It kills cells on the lit side B) It accumulates on the shaded side, causing those cells to elongate more C) It accumulates on the lit side, causing those cells to elongate more D) It prevents growth on both sides Answer: B
- Vasodilation helps the body to: A) Conserve heat B) Lose heat C) Absorb more oxygen D) Digest food faster Answer: B
Maak deze vragen in de app
Maak deze vragen in de app
Aanbevolen Boeken
Verder leren met open bronnen
-
Leerboekparagraaf
Plant Sensory Systems and Responses
Describe how red and blue light affect plant growth and metabolic activities
"Biology: Plant Sensory Systems and Responses" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/30-6-plant-sensory-systems-and-responses. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
-
Leerboekparagraaf
The Central Nervous System
Identify the spinal cord, cerebral lobes, and other brain areas on a diagram of the brain
"Biology: The Central Nervous System" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/35-3-the-central-nervous-system. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/biology/pages/1-introduction
Gepubliceerd door andere organisaties onder open licenties, vermeld zoals zij vragen. Links openen hun websites.
Oefen Proefexamenvragen
Wilt u proefexamenvragen over Co-ordination And Response oefenen? Download de Green Bridge CBT-app voor toegang tot proefexamenvragen en volledige oefentoetsen over dit onderwerp.
Download de app in de Google Playstore
Alles wat je nodig hebt om uit te blinken in JAMB, WAEC en NECO.
