Animal Husbandry WAEC

Anatomy And Physiology And External Orientation

Overzicht

Before a livestock officer opens a single textbook on the rumen or the heart, she runs her eyes and her hands over the animal in front of her: the set of its ears, the fill of its flank, the dryness of its muzzle, the way it stands on its pasterns. Every farmer, buyer and veterinary officer in Nigeria reads an animal this way first, from the outside in, using a shared vocabulary of named body regions long before any internal system is discussed. That vocabulary, and the two words that frame everything else in this section of the syllabus, anatomy and physiology, are what this lesson builds.

You will learn precisely what anatomy and physiology mean and how they differ, why a stockman who knows both spots trouble earlier and treats it more safely, and the standard external points, poll, muzzle, dewlap, withers, brisket, barrel, flank, hock and pastern, used to describe conformation and locate a problem exactly. Eight further notes in this section will each open up one internal system, the digestive, nervous, endocrine, integumentary, skeletal, muscular, reproductive, circulatory, respiratory and excretory systems in turn, and every one of them leans on the orientation you learn here.

Doelstellingen

  1. Define anatomy and physiology
  2. Identify the external body parts of a farm animal
  3. Explain the importance of studying anatomy and physiology to a farmer
  4. Describe the external orientation of a named farm animal

Mindmap

Dit onderwerp is in kaart gebracht zodat je ziet hoe de ideeen samenhangen.

Flashcards

Snelle geheugentraining op wat bij dit onderwerp getoetst wordt.

Lesnotitie

A goat keeper in Gwagwalada calls the nearest veterinary extension officer to report that his West African Dwarf goat is unwell. If he can only say "it looks sick", the officer learns almost nothing. If instead he says the goat's flank looks tucked up and hollow, its muzzle is dry, and there is a soft swelling near the brisket, the officer can already begin narrowing down the problem before ever seeing the animal. The difference between those two phone calls is anatomy, the shared vocabulary of named body parts, working alongside physiology, the understanding of what a normal, healthy body is supposed to be doing at each of those parts. Every topic in this section of the syllabus, from the digestive system to the skeleton to reproduction, is built on the orientation this lesson teaches.

Lesevaluatie

Gefeliciteerd met het voltooien van de les op Anatomy And Physiology And External Orientation. Nu je de sleutelconcepten en ideeën, het is tijd om uw kennis op de proef te stellen. Deze sectie biedt een verscheidenheid aan oefeningen vragen die bedoeld zijn om uw begrip te vergroten en u te helpen uw begrip van de stof te peilen.

Je zult een mix van vraagtypen tegenkomen, waaronder meerkeuzevragen, korte antwoordvragen en essayvragen. Elke vraag is zorgvuldig samengesteld om verschillende aspecten van je kennis en kritisch denkvermogen te beoordelen.

Gebruik dit evaluatiegedeelte als een kans om je begrip van het onderwerp te versterken en om gebieden te identificeren waar je mogelijk extra studie nodig hebt. Laat je niet ontmoedigen door eventuele uitdagingen die je tegenkomt; beschouw ze in plaats daarvan als kansen voor groei en verbetering.

  1. The study of the structure of an animal's body is called: A. Physiology B. Anatomy C. Pathology D. Taxonomy Answer: B
  2. Which external point of a farm animal is the ridge where the neck meets the back, above the shoulders? A. Poll B. Withers C. Brisket D. Flank Answer: B
  3. The backward-bending joint found roughly midway down the hind leg of a farm animal is the: A. Pastern B. Hock C. Dewlap D. Muzzle Answer: B
  4. A stockman notices that a cow's flank looks hollow and tucked up. This is most likely a sign of: A. Good rumen fill B. Reduced feed intake or illness C. Pregnancy D. Normal rest after feeding Answer: B
  5. The loose fold of skin hanging under the throat and neck of cattle is called the: A. Withers B. Barrel C. Dewlap D. Poll Answer: C

Aanbevolen Boeken

Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Introduction to Animal Science: Global, Biological, Social and Industry Perspectives
Ondertitel: Sixth edition
Uitgever: Pearson
Jaar: 2017
ISBN: 978-0-13-443605-0
Beschrijving: A comprehensive introduction to animal science covering anatomy and physiology, nutrition, genetics, reproduction, animal health and the major farm animal species and their production systems.
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Small-scale Poultry Production: Technical Guide
Uitgever: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Jaar: 2004
ISBN: 978-92-5-105082-8
Beschrijving: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper written by a Nigerian animal scientist, covering breeds, housing, feeding, incubation, disease control and marketing for small-scale poultry keepers in developing countries.
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Tropical Animal Feeding: A Manual for Research Workers
Uitgever: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Jaar: 1995
ISBN: 978-92-5-103758-4
Beschrijving: An FAO Animal Production and Health Paper on the principles of ruminant and non-ruminant nutrition and the practical use of tropical feed resources, including crop residues and by-products, in sustainable livestock systems.

Herhalingsvragen

Benieuwd hoe eerdere vragen over dit onderwerp eruitzien? Hier zijn een aantal vragen over Anatomy And Physiology And External Orientation van voorgaande jaren.

WAEC SSCE - Animal Husbandry - 2021

Vraag 1 Verslag

specimens

Specimen K (Head of cock)

Close Up Head of Ayam Kampong or Ayam Kampung is the Chicken Breed Reported from Indonesia. `free-range Chicken` or `village Stock Photo - Image of country, brown: 172049390

(a) Draw and label five parts of specimen K.

(b) Mention one function of each of the labelled parts of specimen K.

(c) Mention two management practices that could be carried out on specimen K.

Specimen L (Pair of scissors)

Open Pair Of Scissors With Black Handles Isolated On White Background. Stock Photo, Picture And Royalty Free Image. Image 38286243.

(d) Name one toll which could be used in place of specimen L to carry out the management practices on specimen K.

Antwoorddetails

Specimen K (Head of a cock)

(a) Drawing and labelling of five parts of specimen K

The head of a cock is drawn below with five parts clearly labelled: the comb, the eye, the beak, the nostril and the wattle.

figure
Labelled drawing of Specimen K - the head of a cock.

(b) One function of each of the labelled parts

Labelled partOne function
CombHelps to regulate the body temperature of the bird (heat loss).
EyeFor sight / vision.
BeakFor picking up feed and drinking water (also for scratching and defence).
NostrilFor breathing (respiration) and for smelling.
WattleAids temperature regulation and serves as a sign of sex appeal / maturity.

(c) Two management practices that could be carried out on specimen K

  1. Debeaking - trimming the tip of the beak to prevent cannibalism, feather pecking and egg eating.
  2. Dubbing (decombing) or dewattling - trimming the comb and/or wattle to prevent frostbite and injury and to reduce fighting.

Specimen L (Pair of scissors)

(d) One tool that could be used in place of specimen L

A sharp knife could be used in place of the pair of scissors to carry out the management practices on specimen K. (A sharp blade, a scalpel or a beak trimmer would serve the same purpose.)

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