Extraction And Uses Of Metals
Overzicht
The steel in a skyscraper's frame, the aluminium in an aircraft wing, and the copper inside every electrical cable all started life locked inside rocks deep in the Earth's crust. Getting the metal out demands energy and ingenuity, and the method you choose depends entirely on how reactive the metal is.
In this lesson you will learn how ores are the starting point for metal extraction, why the reactivity series dictates the extraction method, how carbon reduction works for iron and electrolysis works for aluminium, and why alloys are often more useful than pure metals.
Doelstellingen
- know that most metals are extracted from ores found in the Earth’s crust and that unreactive metals are often found as the uncombined element
- explain how the method of extraction of a metal is related to its position in the reactivity series, illustrated by carbon extraction for iron and electrolysis for aluminium
- be able to comment on a metal extraction process, given appropriate information detailed knowledge of the processes used in the extraction of a specific metal is not required
- explain the uses of aluminium, copper, iron and steel in terms of their properties the types of steel will be limited to low-carbon (mild), high-carbon and stainless
- know that an alloy is a mixture of a metal and one or more elements, usually other metals or carbon
- explain why alloys are harder than pure metals
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- Which metal is extracted by electrolysis because it is too reactive to be reduced by carbon? A) Iron B) Copper C) Aluminium D) Zinc Answer: C
- What is the reducing agent in the blast furnace extraction of iron? A) Aluminium B) Carbon (or carbon monoxide) C) Hydrogen D) Calcium Answer: B
- Gold is found as an uncombined element in nature because: A) It is very reactive B) It is very dense C) It is very unreactive D) It has a high melting point Answer: C
- Which type of steel is best suited for making car bodies? A) High-carbon steel B) Stainless steel C) Low-carbon (mild) steel D) Cast iron Answer: C
- Alloys are generally harder than pure metals because: A) They contain more electrons B) Differently-sized atoms prevent layers from sliding C) They have higher melting points D) They are more reactive Answer: B
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Aanbevolen Boeken
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Leerboekparagraaf
Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals
Identify natural sources of representative metals
"Chemistry: Occurrence and Preparation of the Representative Metals" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/18-2-occurrence-and-preparation-of-the-representative-metals. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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Leerboekparagraaf
Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds
Outline the general approach for the isolation of transition metals from natural sources
"Chemistry: Occurrence, Preparation, and Properties of Transition Metals and Their Compounds" by OpenStax, OpenStax, Rice University, licensed under CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Source: https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/19-1-occurrence-preparation-and-properties-of-transition-metals-and-their-compounds. Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/chemistry/pages/1-introduction
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