WAEC SSCE - Civic Education - 2025 (Essay)

Antwoorddetails

a) Three government agencies that are constitutionally empowered to arrest persons who commit drug-related offences in Nigeria are:
- The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), which is the primary agency responsible for tackling drug
offences.
- The Nigeria Police Force, which has the power to arrest and prosecute any person who commits a crime, including
drug offences.
- The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission (EFCC), which can arrest persons involved in drug trafficking/if it is
linked to financial crimes.

b) Non-adherence to medical advice of certified medical professionals can constitute a threat to the survival of the sick
and the society in several ways. First, it can lead to the worsening of the patient's condition, which can result in death.
Second, it can lead to the spread of infectious diseases. If a patient does not follow medical advice, they may not take
the necessary precautions to prevent spreading the disease. Third, it can lead to antibiotic resistance, which is a major
public health concern. Fourth, it can increase healthcare costs, as patients who do not follow medical advice may
require more intensive treatment later on. Fifth, it can lead to unnecessary suffering for the patient Sixth, it can strain
healthcare resources, as non-adherence can lead to increased hospital admissions.

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a) The executive arm of government in Nigeria is one of the three arms of government, the other two being the legislative
and the judicial arms. The executive arm is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws and policies made by the
legislative arm. It is headed by the President, who is the Chief Executive Officer of the federation. The President is
assisted by the Vice President, Ministers, and other government officials. The executive arm also includes the civil
service, which is responsible for the day-to-day administration of the country. The executive arm has the power to
formulate and implement policies, maintain law and order, ensure national security, and administer the state's resources
for the welfare of the citizens.

b) The constitutional roles of the executive arm of government promote democracy in several ways.
- Rule of Law: The executive enforces the rule of law, ensuring that all citizens are treated equally under the law.
- Protection of Rights: The executive protects the rights and freedoms of citizens as enshrined in the constitution.
- Implementation of Policies: The executive implements policies that are beneficial to the citizens, promoting their
welfare and well-being.
- Maintenance of Order: The executive maintains law and order, ensuring a peaceful and conducive environment for
democratic processes to take place.
- Representation: The executive, being elected by the people, represents the will of the people in governance.
- Checks and Balances: The executive checks the powers of the other arms of government, preventing the abuse of
power and promoting accountability and transparency in governance. 

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a) Cultism in society has several consequences. These include:
- Loss of lives and property: Cultism often leads to violent clashes where lives are lost and properties destroyed.
- Disruption of academic activities: In schools, cult activities often disrupt academic work, leading to frequent closures
of schools.
- Moral decadence: Cultism promotes immoral activities and erodes the moral values of the society.
- Insecurity: The activities of cultists create an atmosphere of fear and insecurity.
- Poor societal development: Resources that could have been used for societal development are often used to repair
damages caused by cult activities.
- Stigmatization: Members of the society who are known to be cultists are often stigmatized and discriminated against.

b) There are several hindrances to the eradication of cultism in Nigeria. These include:
- Poor enforcement of laws: The laws against cultism are not effectively enforced.
- Corruption: Some law enforcement officers are corrupt and often compromise when dealing with cultists.
- Societal acceptance: Some members of the society see cultism as a norm and this makes it difficult to eradicate.

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a) Desperate politicians are likely to use several strategies to win elections. These include:
- Vote buying: They may offer money or gifts to voters in exchange for their votes.
- Use of thugs: They may employ thugs to intimidate opponents and voters.
- Rigging: They may manipulate election results in their favor.
- False propaganda: They may spread false information about their opponents to discredit themtivate Wind
- Abuse of power: If they are in power, they may use state resources to their advantage.

b) Several measures could be taken to checkmate desperate politicians from winning elections at all cost. These include:
- Strengthening of electoral laws: The electoral laws should be strengthened to punish electoral offenses.
- Voter education: Voters should be educated on the dangers of selling their votes.
- Independent judiciary: The judiciary should be independent to adjudicate electoral disputes fairly.
- Security: Adequate security should be provided during elections to prevent violence and intimidation.
- Transparency: The electoral process should be transparent to ensure that the will of the people prevails.