Laden....
|
Druk & Houd Vast om te Verslepen |
|||
|
Klik hier om te sluiten |
|||
Vraag 1 Verslag
Read the passage and answer questions below.
"Akwai wani yaro mai suna Umar, wanda ke zaune a garin Funtua. Umar na da sha'awar karatu sosai, musamman kimiyya. Duk da
cewa iyayensa ba su da karfi, suna dagewa wajen tallafa masa domin cimma burinsa. Kullum yana zuwa makaranta da wuri, yana
kuma taimaka wa malamansa. Ranar wata gasa ta kimiyya, Umar ya lashe kyauta ta farko. Wannan ya sa aka yaba masa a
makarantar gaba daya."
Me ya sa iyayen Umar ke goyon bayansa?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana neman dalilin da ya sa iyayen Umar ke goyon bayansa. A cikin nassin, an rubuta: "Duk da cewa iyayensa ba su da ƙarfi, suna dagewa wajen tallafa masa domin cimma burinsa." Kalmar "domin cimma burinsa" tana nuna cewa dalilin goyon bayansu shi ne son ganin ya ci gaba kuma ya cimma manufarsa a rayuwa.
Saboda suna so ya ci gaba ita ce amsar da ta dace. Iyayen Umar, ko da yake ba su da arziki ko ƙarfi, sun ci gaba da tallafa masa saboda suna son ya yi nasara a karatunsa da rayuwarsa.
"Don su ba shi aure" ba a ambata a cikin nassin - ba a tattauna batun aure ko kaɗan. "Saboda su malamai ne" ba daidai ba ne domin nassin bai faɗi cewa iyayensa malamai ne ba. "Saboda suna da arziƙi" ya saɓa wa abin da nassin ya faɗa kai tsaye - an nuna cewa "ba su da ƙarfi," wanda ke nufin ba su da wadata.
Vraag 2 Verslag
Me ake kira "Rubutun Ajami"?
Antwoorddetails
"Rubutun Ajami" shi ne tsarin rubuta harshen Hausa da haruffan Larabci (Arabic script). Kalmar "Ajami" ta fito daga Larabci, ma'anarta ita ce "wanda ba Balarabe ba" ko "bako." A tarihi, lokacin da musulunci ya bazu zuwa kasar Hausa, malaman addini sun fara amfani da haruffan Larabci wajen rubuta harshen Hausa, musamman don rubuce-rubuce na addini, wasiƙu, da tarihi.
Rubutun Ajami ya sha bamban da rubutun Larabci na asali saboda an daidaita shi don ya iya rubuta sautukan da ke cikin harshen Hausa amma ba sa cikin Larabci. Misali, an ƙara wasu alamomi don sautuka irin su "ts," "sh," da sauransu. Wannan tsari na rubutu ya kasance a yaɗu tun kafin zuwan turawan mulkin mallaka da rubutun Boko (Latin script).
Saboda haka, Rubutun Larabci shine amsar da ta dace, domin Ajami a asali tsarin amfani da haruffan Larabci ne wajen rubuta harshen Hausa. Ba rubutun Faransanci ba, ba rubutun Yarbanci ba, kuma ba rubutun Turanci ba.
Vraag 3 Verslag
Wace kalma ce ke aiki a matsayin 'sunan aiki' a cikin jimlar: 'Yaro ya gudu'?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana gwada fahimtar nau'ikan kalmomi a nahawun Hausa. Jimlar da aka bayar ita ce: "Yaro ya gudu." Ana neman kalmar da ke aiki a matsayin sunan aiki (verb).
"Sunan aiki" a nahawun Hausa shi ne kalmar da ke nuna abin da batun jimla (subject) yake yi - wato fi'ili (verb). Bari mu nazarci kowace kalma:
Don haka, gudu ita ce kalmar da ke aiki a matsayin sunan aiki a cikin jimlar, domin ita ce ke nuna aikin da batun jimla ya aiwatar.
Vraag 4 Verslag
Kalmar *madalla* tana nufin:
Antwoorddetails
Kalmar "madalla" a Hausa kalma ce da ake amfani da ita don yaba wa mutum ko nuna gamsuwa da aikin da ya yi. Tana nufin yabo - wato "ka yi kyau," "nagari," ko "ai ka yi aiki sosai."
Lokacin da ka ce wa mutum "madalla," kana yaba masa ne don wani abu mai kyau da ya yi. Misali: "Madalla, ka yi jarrabawa sosai" - wannan yabo ne ga nasarar da mutumin ya samu.
Bari mu dubi bambancin da ke tsakanin zabubbukan:
Vraag 5 Verslag
"Waka da kida" ana amfani da su ne wajen me?
Antwoorddetails
A al'adar Hausa da al'adun gargajiya na arewacin Nijeriya, waka da kida (songs and music/drumming) suna da muhimmiyar rawa a cikin bikin gargajiya (traditional ceremonies and celebrations).
Ana amfani da waka da kida musamman a:
Sauran zabin ba su dace ba:
Waka da kida na daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke bayar da rai ga bikin gargajiya a cikin al'adar Hausa.
Vraag 6 Verslag
Wace kalma ce ke nuna lokaci a jumlar nan: *Zan tafi gobe *?
Antwoorddetails
A jumlar "Zan tafi gobe," tambayar tana neman kalmar da ke nuna lokaci - wato kalmar da ke gaya mana yaushe aikin zai faru.
Bari mu dubi kowane zabubi:
Kalmar gobe ita ce kalmar da ke nuna lokaci a wannan jumla, domin tana nuna takamaiman lokacin da aikin tafiya zai faru.
Vraag 7 Verslag
Wane bangare na harshe ne kalmar *dadi *?
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, ana rarraba kalmomi zuwa bangarori daban-daban kamar suna (noun), fi'ili/aiki (verb), sifa (adjective), da kari (adverb). Tambayar tana neman bangaren harshe da kalmar "dadi" ta shiga.
Kalmar "dadi" tana bayyana irin halin da abu ke ciki - tana nuna yanayin abu. Lokacin da muka ce "abinci mai dadi" ko "ruwa mai dadi," muna amfani da "dadi" ne don bayyana yadda abun yake - cewa yana da dadi. Wannan aikin bayyana halin abu shine aikin sifa (adjective).
Ga bambancin bangarorin harshe:
Vraag 8 Verslag
Wane jigo ne ya fi fitowa a cikin In Da So Da Kauna?
Antwoorddetails
In Da So Da Kauna littafi ne na Hausa da ke magana a kan al'amuran soyayya da dangantakar mutane. Taken littafin da kansa - "In Da So Da Kauna" - yana nuna cewa soyayya ita ce jigon da ya fi karfi a cikin labarin.
Duk da cewa batutuwa kamar kishi, kiyayya, da ramawa na iya bayyana a cikin littafin a matsayin cikas ko gwagwarmaya, su ne abubuwan da ke faruwa a gefen babban jigon. Babban sakon littafin shi ne karfin soyayya da yadda take shafar rayuwar mutane, musamman yadda take jawo mutane ga juna da kuma yadda take haifar da matsaloli idan ba a kula da ita yadda ya kamata ba.
Don haka, jigon da ya fi fitowa a cikin In Da So Da Kauna shi ne soyayya.
Vraag 9 Verslag
Wace irin waka ce ake rerawa a bukukuwan aure?
Antwoorddetails
A al'adar Hausawa, bukukuwan aure suna da nau'ikan waƙoƙi daban-daban da ake rerawa don bikin. Tambayar tana neman sanin irin waƙar da ake rerawa a lokacin bukukuwan aure.
Amsar ita ce waƙar taya murna. A bukukuwan aure na Hausa, waƙoƙin taya murna (congratulatory songs) su ne waƙoƙin da ake rerawa don taya sabuwar ma'aurata murna, don yi musu fatan alheri, da nuna farin ciki da wannan sabon haɗin gwiwa.
Banbancin da sauran zaɓuɓɓuka:
Vraag 10 Verslag
Wane yanayi ne kalmar *karya* ke nuni da shi?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana neman sanin yanayin (category/field) da kalmar ƙarya ke nuni da shi. Ƙarya tana nufin faɗar abin da ba gaskiya ba da gangan.
Kalmar ƙarya tana cikin yanayin halayya (character/behavior). Ga dalilin:
Don haka, ƙarya tana cikin yanayin halayya domin ita hali ce ta mutum - wani irin ɗabi'a ko salon rayuwa da mutum ke nunawa.
Vraag 11 Verslag
Jimlar 'Mun kammala aikin kafin yamma' tana nuni da -
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana gwada fahimtar lokuta (tenses) a nahawun Hausa. Jimlar da aka bayar ita ce: "Mun kammala aikin kafin yamma."
Bari mu nazarci jimlar:
Don haka, jimlar tana nuna aiki da ya wuce (past action/completed action). Aikin kammala ya riga ya faru a baya, kafin lokacin yamma.
Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ba su dace ba: "aiki da ake yi yanzu" yana amfani da "muna/suna" (progressive); "aiki da za a yi" yana amfani da "za mu" (future); "aiki mara tabbas" ba ya da alaƙa da alamar "mun" mai tabbas.
Vraag 12 Verslag
Ma'anar karin magana "Hannu daya baya daukar jinka" ita ce -
Antwoorddetails
Karin maganar "Hannu daya baya daukar jinka" tana amfani da misalin jinka (rainin auduga da ake dinka da shi) don isar da sakon hadin kai da taimakon juna.
A zahiri (literally), jinka yana da nauyi kuma yana da fadi - hannu guda daya ba zai iya dauke shi ba. Amma ma'anar karin maganar ba ta tsaya a zahiri ba. Irinsu karin magana na Hausa suna da ma'ana ta zurfin tunani (figurative meaning) da ke wuce abin da aka fada a bayyane.
Ma'anar zurfin tunani ita ce: ba a iya cin nasara kai kadai. Mutum daya ba zai iya cimma nasara ba idan bai sami taimakon wasu ba. Kamar yadda hannu guda ba ya iya daukar jinka, haka mutum daya ba ya iya gudanar da babban aiki shi kadai.
Bambancin da sauran zabin:
Vraag 13 Verslag
Menene ma'anar 'tsangwama' a cikin Hausa?
Antwoorddetails
Kalmar "tsangwama" a Hausa tana nufin shiga tsakanin al'amura ko harkokin wani mutum ba tare da an gayyace ka ba - wato tsoma baki ko kutse cikin abin da bai shafe ka ba. Wannan hali na tsangwama yana daidai da ma'anar cin zarafi, domin cin zarafi ya hada da ketare iyaka ko shiga cikin haƙƙin wani ba tare da izini ba.
Bari mu dubi zabubbukan:
A taƙaice, tsangwama shine tsoma baki cikin abin da bai shafe ka ba, wanda shine nau'i na cin zarafi.
Vraag 14 Verslag
Idon Matambayi yana daga cikin wane nau'i na adabi?
Antwoorddetails
Idon Matambayi shahararren littafi ne a cikin adabin Hausa na zamani. Yana daga cikin nau'in labari (novel/prose fiction) a cikin tsarin rabon adabi.
Bari mu fahimci nau'o'in adabin Hausa:
Idon Matambayi an rubuta shi ne a tsarin labarin almara (prose narrative) - yana da haruffa, makirci (plot), da jigo (theme). Ba wasan kwaikwayo ba ne (ba shi da tsarin dandali), ba waka ba ne (ba shi da kari da amshi), kuma ba makala ba ne (ba bayani/sharhi ba ne). Shi labari ne.
Vraag 15 Verslag
"Ina da kudi amma_______ba su da komai."
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, wakilai suna (pronouns) masu zaman kansu (independent/emphatic pronouns) ana amfani da su don karfafa ko nuna bambanci tsakanin mutane a cikin jimla. A cikin jimlar "Ina da kudi amma_______ba su da komai":
Domin bangaren na biyu yana amfani da "ba su da," wakilin suna mai zaman kansa da ya dace shi ma "su" ne. A cikin Hausa, idan kana son karfafa wanda kake magana a kansa kafin aikatau (verb), kana amfani da wakilin suna mai zaman kansa:
"Ina da kudi amma su ba su da komai" = "I have money but they (on their part) don't have anything."
Wakilin suna "su" (they) shi ya dace domin ya yi daidai da "ba su da" a bangaren karshe na jimlar.
Vraag 16 Verslag
"Biri ya dauki kaza ya gudu" misali ne na me?
Antwoorddetails
Maganar "Biri ya dauki kaza ya gudu" misali ne na karin magana a cikin adabin Hausa. Karin magana gajeren zance ne mai hikima da ake amfani da shi don isar da darasi ko gargadi ta hanyar kwatanci ko labarin abin da ya faru.
Wannan karin magana tana amfani da dabbobi (biri da kaza) don kwatanta halin mutane. Biri ya kwace kaza ya gudu - yana nuna yadda mutum zai yi wani abu na rashin gaskiya ya gudu da shi, ko kuma yadda wanda ya yi laifi yake gudu da abin da ya sata.
Bambancin da sauran nau'o'in adabi:
Karin magana ce domin gajeren zance ne mai hikima da ke amfani da misali don koyar da darasi.
Vraag 17 Verslag
"Goron Sallah" yana cikin wane nau'in adabi?
Antwoorddetails
It's an oral tradition, part of communal practices where symbolic gifts like goro are exchanged.
Vraag 18 Verslag
Menene manufar tatsuniya a al'adar Hausawa?
Antwoorddetails
Tatsuniya wani muhimmin bangare ne na al'adar Hausawa. Tana da manufofi da yawa, amma babbar manufarta ita ce koyar da dabi'a - wato tarbiyyar yara da koya musu kyawawan halaye, gaskiya, biyayya, da haƙuri.
Ko da yake tatsuniya tana da nishaɗi a cikinta, ba nishaɗi kaɗai ba ne manufarta. Tatsuniya tana amfani da labari mai daɗi don jan hankalin masu sauraro, musamman yara, sannan ta koya musu darasi game da rayuwa da ɗabi'a. Misali, tatsuniyar da ke nuna yadda maƙaryaci ya sha wahala a ƙarshe tana koyar da muhimmancin gaskiya.
Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ba su dace ba kwata-kwata: ƙarfafa ƙarya da koya lalaci duk abubuwa ne marasa kyau waɗanda tatsuniya take ƙoƙarin yaƙi, ba ƙarfafawa ba.
Vraag 19 Verslag
"Sun karanta littafi." Wace kalma ce abin aiki (object)?
Antwoorddetails
A cikin nahawun Hausa, "abin aiki" (object) shi ne kalmar da ke karɓar aikin fi'ili - wato abin da aka yi wa wani abu. A jumlar "Sun karanta littafi," akwai abubuwa uku:
Littafi (book) ita ce amsar da ta dace domin ita ce kalmar da ke karɓar aikin fi'ilin "karanta." Tambayar "me suka karanta?" amsar ita ce "littafi" - wannan ya tabbatar da cewa littafi shi ne abin aikin jumlar.
"Sun" batun jumla ne (subject), ba abin aiki ba. "Karanta" fi'ili ne (verb), ba abin aiki ba. "Sun karanta" haɗin batun jumla da fi'ili ne, ba abin aiki ba.
Vraag 20 Verslag
"Ina son________" Wacce kalma za ta cika gibin?
Antwoorddetails
Jimlar "Ina son________" tana buqatar a cika ta da kalmar da ta dace bayan "son" (liking/loving). A nahawun Hausa, "ina son" tana bukatar sunan fi'ili (verbal noun/masdar) ko sunan abin da ake so.
Bari mu duba zabin:
Karatu shi ne zabin da ya fi dacewa domin shi sunan fi'ili ne (verbal noun) wanda ke biye da "ina son" a hanyar nahawu ta yau da kullum: "Ina son karatu" (I love reading/studying).
Vraag 21 Verslag
Ma'anar bakake masu murya ita ce -
Antwoorddetails
A cikin ilimin harshen Hausa (phonology), haruffa sun kasu kashi biyu: wasali (vowels) da baƙaƙe (consonants). Baƙaƙe kuma sun kasu gida biyu bisa ga ko suna da murya (voice) ko ba su da murya.
Baƙaƙe masu murya su ne haruffan da ake amfani da muryar makogwaro (vocal cords) wajen fitar da su. Lokacin da ake furta baƙar da ke da murya, igiyoyin murya (vocal cords) suna girgiza, kuma ana iya jin wannan girgizar idan ka sanya yatsa a kan makogwaro yayin magana. Misalai a Hausa sun haɗa da: b, d, g, z, m, n, r, l, w, y.
Saboda haka, haruffan da ke da sauti ita ce ma'anar da ta dace da "baƙaƙe masu murya." Kalmar "murya" da "sauti" suna da alaƙa mai ƙarfi a wannan mahallin - duka biyun suna nufin girgizar igiyoyin murya.
"Haruffan da ba sa da sauti" tana nufin baƙaƙe marasa murya (voiceless consonants), kamar: f, s, k, t - akasin abin da ake tambaya. "Haruffan kowane lokaci" da "haruffan guda biyu a wuri ɗaya" ba su da alaƙa da ma'anar baƙaƙe masu murya.
Vraag 22 Verslag
Me ake nufi da "zube" a cikin adabin Hausa?
Antwoorddetails
A cikin adabin Hausa, akwai manyan siffofi uku na adabi: waka (poetry/verse), zube (prose), da wasan kwaikwayo (drama). "Zube" na nufin rubutu cikin yaren yau da kullum ba tare da waƙa ko amsa-amo (rhyme and rhythm) ba. Shi ne salon rubuta labari ko rubutu cikin jumla masu gudana kai tsaye, ba a daure shi da ƙa'idojin kari ko amsa-amo irin na waka ba.
Labari rubutacce (written story/narrative) shine mafi kusancin ma'anar "zube" a cikin zaɓuɓɓukan da aka bayar. "Zube" a zahiri yana nufin "zuba" ko "kwararowa," kuma a cikin nazarin adabi yana nuna salon rubutu da ke gudana cikin jumla na yau da kullum - wato rubutu na kowa, ba waka ba.
"Waka" (poetry) ya sha bamban da zube domin waka tana da kari, amsa-amo, da tsari na musamman. "Bako" yana nufin "stranger" ko "guest" a Hausa kuma ba nau'in adabi ba ne. "Wasan kwaikwayo" (drama) nau'i ne daban na adabi da ke nuna labari ta hanyar tattaunawa da ayyukan mutane a kan dandali.
Vraag 23 Verslag
Wane nau'in karin magana ne: *Gabas ta gabas, yamma bata hana ta *?
Antwoorddetails
Karin magana "Gabas ta gabas, yamma ba ta hana ta" yana nufin kowane abu ya tsaya a matsayinsa - gabas (mafitar rana) ta bi hanyarta, yamma kuma ba ta hana ta ba. Wannan karin magana yana ba da shawara (nasiha) cewa kowane mutum ya bi hanyarsa, kowa ya kula da al'amuran kansa, kuma mutane su bar juna cikin lumana.
A ilmin nazarin adabin Hausa, ana rarraba karin magana bisa ga ainihin manufarsu:
Duk da cewa karin maganar nan ya yi amfani da kwatancin gabas da yamma, babban manufarsa shine ba da nasiha ga mutane su bar juna cikin zaman lafiya. Saboda haka, shi karin magana mai nasiha ne.
Vraag 24 Verslag
"Kada ka yi magana." Wane irin jimla ce wannan?
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, jimloli suna kasu zuwa nau'o'i daban-daban dangane da aikin da suke yi:
Jimlar "Kada ka yi magana" tana nuna hani - wato ana hana mutum yin magana. Kalmar "kada" ita ce kalmar hani a Hausa, kuma hani nau'i ne na umarni (umarni na korewa). Duk jimlar da ke ba da umarni ko hani ana kiranta jimlar umarni.
A jarrabawa, ka tuna cewa "kada" a farkon jimla yana nuna jimlar umarni (hani), ba jimlar bayani ko tambaya ba.
Vraag 25 Verslag
Wace kalma ke nuna jam'in magana?
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, wakilai suna (pronouns) suna kasu zuwa gida biyu dangane da adadi:
Bari mu duba zabin kalmomi:
Daga cikin wadannan kalmomi, "Su" ita ce kadai kalmar da ke nuna jam'i (plural), domin tana wakiltar mutane fiye da daya. Sauran duka na mufuradi ne.
Vraag 26 Verslag
Akasin tsoro shi ne
Antwoorddetails
A cikin harshen Hausa, kalmar "akasin" tana nufin kishiyar ko sabanin wata kalma. Tambayar tana neman akasin (opposite/antonym) kalmar tsoro (fear).
Bari mu duba zabin:
Akasin tsoro shi ne jarumta (bravery/courage). Mutumin da ke da jarumta ba ya jin tsoro - yana da karfin hali na fuskantar hadari ba tare da ja da baya ba. Tsoro da jarumta suna aiki a matsayin kishiyoyi a cikin harshe da tunani.
Vraag 27 Verslag
'Mai doki ya yi dokin barawo" yana nufin me?
Antwoorddetails
Karin maganar "Mai doki ya yi dokin barawo" tana nufin mutum ya taimaki wani cikin aikin da bai sani ba cewa mugun aiki ne. Kalmar "mai doki" tana nuna mutumin da ke da doki nasa, amma ya yi amfani da dokinsa don gudanar da aikin barawo - wato ya zama abin hawa ga barawo ba tare da ya sani ba.
A cikin al'adar Hausa, wannan karin magana tana koyarwa cewa wani lokaci mutum kan shiga cikin taimakon abin da bai kamata ba ba tare da ya san ainihin abin da ke faruwa ba. Misali, idan ka ba wani aron motarka kuma ya je ya yi sata da ita, kai ne "mai doki da ya yi dokin barawo" - ka taimaka ba tare da sanin manufar ba.
Saboda haka, ma'anar wannan karin magana ita ce taimakawa ba tare da sani ba - wato taimakawa a cikin rashin sani ko rashin niyya.
Vraag 28 Verslag
Wace kalma ce ke nuni da wurin da ake zuwa?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana neman kalmar da ke nuna wurin da ake zuwa, wato inda mutum zai je - makasudin tafiya (destination).
Daga cikin zabubbukan da aka bayar:
A nahawun Hausa, kalmomin wuri (sunayen wuri) su ne wadanda ke nuna inda mutum yake ko inda zai je. Kasuwa ita ce kadai kalma a cikin zabubbukan da ke nuna takamaiman wuri - wurin da ake zuwa.
Vraag 29 Verslag
Me ya sa Aliyu ke ganin ya kamata a dawo da sana'o'in gargajiya?
Antwoorddetails
Wannan tambaya tana magana ne game da ra'ayin Aliyu dangane da dawowa da sana'o'in gargajiya (traditional crafts) kamar ƙira, saƙa, rini, da sauransu.
Babban dalilin da ya sa Aliyu ke ganin ya kamata a dawo da sana'o'in gargajiya shi ne don bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi. Sana'o'in gargajiya suna da gudummawa mai yawa ga tattalin arziƙi ta hanyoyi da dama:
Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ba su ɗauki cikakken hoton dalilin ba: samun aiki a birni ya keɓanta ga birni kawai; rage zaman banza sakamako ne na sana'a, ba babban dalili ba; kuma koyarwa a makaranta hanya ce ta aiwatarwa, ba manufa ba. Babban dalilin shi ne bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi gaba ɗaya.
Vraag 30 Verslag
"Gidan nan babba ne." Mene ne bayanin magana?
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, jimla tana da sassa biyu na asali:
A cikin jimlar "Gidan nan babba ne":
Tambayar ta nemi a gano bayanin magana. Bayanin magana shi ne "babba ne" (wanda aka rubuta a matsayin "Babbane" a cikin zabin). Shi ke gaya mana cewa gidan babba ne - yana ba da siffa ga taken magana.
Vraag 31 Verslag
Wace irin waka ce ke amfani da abubuwan kida da rawa?
Antwoorddetails
Wakar gargajiya tana amfani da kida da rawa domin isar da sao.
Vraag 32 Verslag
"Ali ya sayi keke." Wace irin jimla ce wannan?
Antwoorddetails
A nahawun Hausa, jimloli suna kasu zuwa nau'o'i dangane da tsarinsu:
"Ali ya sayi keke" jimla ce mai tsari mai sauki:
Tana da fi'ili guda daya, taken magana guda daya, kuma ba ta da rassa ko karamar jimla. Saboda haka, ita jimla mai sauki ce.
Vraag 33 Verslag
"Zan je makaranta gobe in Allah ya so." Me "in Allah ya so" ke nufi?
Antwoorddetails
A cikin jimlar "Zan je makaranta gobe in Allah ya so," bangaren "in Allah ya so" yana nuna yanayin sharaddi (conditional clause). Kalmar "in" a cikin Hausa ita ce kalmar sharaddi (conditional marker) da ke nufin "idan" ko "if" a Turanci.
Tsarin sharaddi a Hausa:
Bari mu bambance da sauran zabin:
"In Allah ya so" kalmar sharadi ce domin tana sanya zuwan makaranta a kan yanayin yardar Allah.
Vraag 34 Verslag
Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow:
Karanta wannan bangare na labari sosai kafin ka amsa tambayoyin daga 1 zuwa 5:
"A lokacin da Nasiru ya baro kauyen su zuwa birni domin neman ilimi, bai san cewa rayuwa za ta sauya masa ba. A kauye, Nasiru
ya saba da zaman lafiya da taimakon juna. Amma a birni, ya gamu da sabani iri-iri. A kwana na farko a makarantar kwana, aka
sace masa jakar tufafi. Wannan ya sa ya zauna cikin damuwa har ya kasa fita zuwa aji. Malam Isyaku, shugaban dalibai, ne ya
lura da halin da Nasiru ke ciki. Ya kira shi, ya ji labarinsa, sannan ya ba shi sabbin kaya da littattafai. Wannan kyakkyawan aiki
ya karfafa Nasiru har ya fara samun sabbin abokai. Bayan shekara uku, Nasiru ya kammala karatu cikin girmamawa, ya kuma
dawo kauyensu don ya kafa makaranta ta kansa."
Me Nasiru ya yi bayan kammala karatu?
Antwoorddetails
Labarin ya bayyana a karshe abin da Nasiru ya yi bayan kammala karatunsa. A cewar labarin: "Bayan shekara uku, Nasiru ya kammala karatu cikin girmamawa, ya kuma dawo kauyensu don ya kafa makaranta ta kansa."
Wannan yana nuna cewa bayan Nasiru ya gama karatu, ya bude (ya kafa) makaranta a kauye. Ya dawo gidansu a kauye ne don ya kafa makarantar kansa - yana so ya ba wa mutanen kauyensu damar samun ilimi kamar yadda shi ma ya samu.
Sauran zabubbukan ba su dace ba:
Wannan labari yana nuna muhimmancin ilimi da kuma yadda mutum zai iya amfani da ilimin da ya samu don taimakon al'ummarsa.
Vraag 35 Verslag
Wace kalma ce ba suna ba ce a jumlar nan: *Ali ya sayi sabuwar mota *?
Antwoorddetails
'ya' ba suna ba ne; shi ne ɗan aiki (mai nuna wanda ya aikata abu).
Vraag 36 Verslag
Wane daga cikin waɗannan bai shafi adabin baka ba?
Antwoorddetails
Adabin baka (oral literature) shine nau'in adabin da ake yadawa ta hanyar baki - daga mutum zuwa mutum, daga zamani zuwa zamani, ba tare da rubuta shi ba. Ya hada da tatsuniya, karin magana, zambo, waka, almara, da sauransu.
Daga cikin zabubbukan da aka bayar:
Saboda haka, rubutacciyar waka ita ce ba ta shafi adabin baka ba. Kalmar "rubutacciya" da kanta tana nuna cewa an rubuta ta, wanda ya saba wa yanayin adabin baka (wanda ke yadawa ta hanyar magana da ji).
Vraag 37 Verslag
Karanta wannan bangare na labari sosai kafin ka amsa tambayoyin daga 1 zuwa 5:
"A lokacin da Nasiru ya baro kauyen su zuwa birni domin neman ilimi, bai san cewa rayuwa za ta sauya masa ba. A kauye, Nasiru
ya saba da zaman lafiya da taimakon juna. Amma a birni, ya gamu da sabani iri-iri. A kwana na farko a makarantar kwana, aka
sace masa jakar tufafi. Wannan ya sa ya zauna cikin damuwa har ya kasa fita zuwa aji. Malam Isyaku, shugaban dalibai, ne ya
lura da halin da Nasiru ke ciki. Ya kira shi, ya ji labarinsa, sannan ya ba shi sabbin kaya da littattafai. Wannan kyakkyawan aiki
ya karfafa Nasiru har ya fara samun sabbin abokai. Bayan shekara uku, Nasiru ya kammala karatu cikin girmamawa, ya kuma
dawo kauyensu don ya kafa makaranta ta kansa."
Wane hali Nasiru ya saba da shi a kauye?
Antwoorddetails
Labarin ya bayyana irin halin da Nasiru ya saba da shi a kauye kafin ya tafi birni. A cewar labarin: "A kauye, Nasiru ya saba da zaman lafiya da taimakon juna."
Wannan yana nuna cewa halin da Nasiru ya saba da shi a kauye shine lafiya da taimakon juna - rayuwa mai lumana inda mutane ke taimakon juna. Kauyen su wuri ne na zaman lafiya da hadin gwiwa tsakanin mutane.
Labarin ya kara bayyana bambancin da ke tsakanin kauye da birni lokacin da ya ce "Amma a birni, ya gamu da sabani iri-iri" - wannan yana nuna cewa halin birni ya bambanta da halin kauye na zaman lafiya da ya saba da shi.
Sauran zabubbukan kamar "fada da hassada," "kisan kai da kiyayya," da "raini da ha'inci" duk abubuwa ne masu muni da ba su bayyana halin kauyen Nasiru ba.
Vraag 38 Verslag
Menene aikin bako a adabin Hausa?
Antwoorddetails
A adabin Hausa na baka (oral literature), "bako" wani muhimmin bangare ne na al'adar ba da labari da nishaɗantarwa. A cikin al'adar Hausa, tatsuniya da wasannin yara wasu hanyoyi ne na adabi waɗanda ake amfani da su don koyar da yara.
Aikin bako a adabin Hausa shi ne fadakar da yara cikin wasa. Wannan yana nufin cewa ta hanyar wasanni, tatsuniyoyi, da wasan kwaikwayo, ana koya wa yara darussa masu muhimmanci game da rayuwa, ɗabi'a, da al'ada. Ba kawai an koyar da su ta hanyar azabtarwa ko horo ba, sai dai ta hanyar nishaɗi da wasa - wanda hakan ya sa koyarwar ta fi tasiri da sauƙin fahimta.
Sauran zaɓuɓɓukan ba su dace ba:
Vraag 39 Verslag
Wace jumla ce ke nuna aiki dadi ne?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana neman jumlar da ke nuna cewa aiki dadi ne - wato jumlar da ke bayyana jin dadin yin wani abu.
Bari mu dubi kowane zabubi:
Jumlar "Ina jin dadin karatu" ita kadai ce da ke dauke da kalmar "dadi" a cikinta, kuma tana nuna a fili cewa mai maganar yana samun nishadi daga aikin karatu. Wannan shine bambancin da ke tsakaninta da sauran jumlolin - sauran suna nuna aiki ne kawai ba tare da nuna ji ko motsin rai ba.
Vraag 40 Verslag
Read the passage and answer questions below.
"Akwai wani yaro mai suna Umar, wanda ke zaune a garin Funtua. Umar na da sha'awar karatu sosai, musamman kimiyya. Duk da
cewa iyayensa ba su da karfi, suna dagewa wajen tallafa masa domin cimma burinsa. Kullum yana zuwa makaranta da wuri, yana
kuma taimaka wa malamansa. Ranar wata gasa ta kimiyya, Umar ya lashe kyauta ta farko. Wannan ya sa aka yaba masa a
makarantar gaba ɗaya."
Me Umar ya samu bayan gasar kimiyya?
Antwoorddetails
Tambayar tana neman sanin abin da Umar ya samu bayan gasar kimiyya. A cikin nassin, an rubuta a sarari: "Ranar wata gasa ta kimiyya, Umar ya lashe kyauta ta farko." Wannan yana nufin Umar ya sami kyauta (prize/award) a gasar - musamman kyautar matsayi na farko.
Kyauta (prize/gift) ita ce amsar da ta dace. Kalmar "lashe" tana nufin "cin nasara" ko "samun," kuma "kyauta ta farko" tana nufin ladan matsayi na farko a gasar.
"Korewa" (expulsion) ba daidai ba ne - ba a kore Umar daga makaranta ba, a'a an yaba masa. "Sauyawa makaranta" (transfer) ba a ambata a cikin nassin ba ko kaɗan. "Hukunci" (punishment) ya saɓa wa labarin gaba ɗaya domin nassin ya nuna cewa an yaba wa Umar saboda nasararsa, ba a hukunta shi ba.
Wilt u doorgaan met deze actie?