JAMB UTME - Islamic Religious Studies - 2024

Antwoorddetails

The phrase "Subhana Rabbiyal azim wabihamdih" is recited during **Ruku** in Islamic prayers. **Ruku** refers to the bowing position in the prayer, where a person bends forward at the waist while keeping their back and head level, and hands on the knees. During this position, it is customary to recite words of glorification and praise to Allah, and "Subhana Rabbiyal azim wabihamdih" translates to "Glory is to my Lord, the Most Great, and praising Him," which fits perfectly with the spirit of humility and reverence displayed in **Ruku**.

Antwoorddetails

In Islamic tradition, the angel who is in charge of rain is Mika'il, also known as Michael. Mika'il is one of the four archangels in Islam.

Mika'il's responsibilities include the distribution of nourishment to creatures and ensuring that the earth receives water through rainfall, which is essential for sustaining life. He manages the natural world and the sustenance provided by it. This role is vital because rain is crucial for replenishing water supplies, irrigating plants, and maintaining ecological balance.

In summary, Mika'il is recognized in Islamic teachings as the angel who oversees rainfall and natural provisions, thereby playing a critical role in sustaining life on Earth.

Antwoorddetails

Eid al-Adha, also known as the "Festival of Sacrifice," is observed on the tenth day of the Islamic month of Dhul-Hijjah. This is a significant time in the Islamic calendar as Muslims worldwide commemorate the willingness of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) to sacrifice his son as an act of obedience to God. Before the sacrifice was carried out, God provided a ram to sacrifice instead, symbolizing divine intervention and mercy.

Eid al-Adha coincides with the completion of the pilgrimage rites by millions of Muslims in Mecca, known as Hajj, which also occurs in this holy month. The first ten days of Dhul-Hijjah are particularly important, culminating in Eid al-Adha on the tenth day. Therefore, the correct answer to when Eid al-Adha is observed is the tenth day of Dhul-Hijjah.

Antwoorddetails

Laylatul-Qadr is known as the "Night of Power." It holds great significance in Islam and is considered one of the holiest nights. This night is believed to be the time when the first verses of the Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad. During this night, which occurs in the last ten days of Ramadan, it is said that blessings and mercy are abundant, sins are forgiven, and prayers are accepted. The night is so special that it is described as better than a thousand months, emphasizing its importance and the great rewards associated with it.

Antwoorddetails

Suratul Humazah, also known as Surat Al-Humazah, is the 104th chapter of the Quran and consists of 7 verses. I is a Madinan surah that condemns those who slander and backbite others. The surah emphasizes the importance of guarding one's tongue and refraining from harming others through speech. It also warns against the consequences of spreading rumors and falsehoods. The 7 verses of Suratul Humazah provide guidance on the importance of responsible speech and the need to protect others from harm.

Antwoorddetails

The twelfth Hadith of the An-Nawawi's collection is centered around the concept of non-interference. This Hadith teaches the importance of focusing on matters that are directly relevant and beneficial to oneself, while avoiding involvement in matters that are not of personal concern or within one's responsibility.

In simpler terms, the teaching encourages people to mind their own business and refrain from unnecessary interference in the affairs of others unless such involvement is warranted or necessary. It underscores the value of being considerate about what one chooses to engage with, promoting personal well-being and social harmony by minimizing unnecessary conflicts and misunderstandings that may arise from undue interference.

By emphasizing non-interference, this Hadith aims to instill a sense of self-discipline in individuals, whereby they focus on improving their own lives and actions rather than being distracted by or meddling in matters that do not pertain to them directly.

Antwoorddetails

The phrase "Iyyaka na'budu wa iyyaka nasta'in" is found in Surat Al-Fatihah. Al-Fatihah is the opening chapter of the Quran, and it holds a special significance in Islamic prayer as it is recited in every unit of the Muslim prayer (Salah).

Al-Fatihah, also referred to as "The Opening," consists of seven verses. The phrase in question means "You alone we worship, and You alone we ask for help", emphasizing the monotheistic worship of and reliance on Allah.

Antwoorddetails

The preservation of the al-Qur'an is a significant aspect of Islamic tradition and history. Several key processes have been involved in ensuring that it remains unchanged and authentic over centuries. These processes include:

Arrangement: The chapters (known as Surahs) and verses (Ayahs) of the Qur'an were meticulously arranged under the guidance of Prophet Muhammad. The arrangement plays a crucial role in its preservation by maintaining the order that was divinely inspired.

Standardization: Over time, different dialects and readings of the Qur'an began to emerge. To preserve the uniformity and accuracy of the Qur'an's recitation and written form, Caliph Uthman ibn Affan standardized the text. This involved producing a single, unified version of the Qur'an and distributing it to different regions. This step was vital to ensure that all Muslims, regardless of their location, were using the same text.

Compilation: The Qur'an was initially revealed orally and then memorized by the followers of Islam. However, after the passing of the Prophet Muhammad, it was compiled into a written book. The first comprehensive compilation was carried out during the caliphate of Abu Bakr, the first Caliph, under the leadership of Zayd ibn Thabit. This ensured that the oral transmission was accurately reflected in a physical form.

The option that is not part of the preservation of the al-Qur'an is italicization. Italicization is a typographic style that is used in writing to emphasize certain words or passages. While it might be used in modern printing or digital texts to highlight or differentiate certain parts for stylistic purposes, it is not a fundamental element of the traditional or historical process of preserving the Quranic text. The preservation of the Qur'an relies on the accurate transmission, memorization, and reproduction of its content without alterations in its text, including its style. Therefore, italicization does not play a role in its historical preservation.

Antwoorddetails

In the context of Islamic prayers, some prayers include recitations that are spoken softly or silently, while others are recited aloud. Here's an explanation of the prayers you mentioned and whether they involve silent recitation:

Subh: This is the dawn prayer, which consists of two units (rak'ahs). The recitation in this prayer is done aloud.

Jumu'ah: This prayer occurs on Friday, replacing the regular Zuhr prayer with a sermon. Like many other obligatory prayers performed in congregation, the recitation during Jumu'ah is done aloud.

Zuhr: This is the midday prayer, consisting of four units. During Zuhr, the recitation is done silently.

Isha': This is the night prayer, which consists of four units. The recitation in the first two units is done aloud, while the recitation in the last two units is silent.

From the prayers listed, Zuhr involves entirely silent recitation, as each unit of the prayer is recited quietly.

Antwoorddetails

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Hijrah calendar, also known as the Islamic or lunar calendar.

The Hijrah calendar is a lunar calendar, meaning it is based on the cycles of the moon, unlike the Gregorian calendar, which is based on the solar cycle. The Islamic calendar consists of 12 months, and Ramadan holds significant religious importance for Muslims around the world.

During the month of Ramadan, Muslims observe fasting from dawn to sunset as a form of worship and self-discipline. It is a time for increased prayer, reflection, and community engagement. Fasting during this month is one of the Five Pillars of Islam, making it a crucial time for spiritual growth and community bonding.

Antwoorddetails

The **Zuhr prayer** is a significant part of the daily prayers in Islam. It consists of four units of prayer, also known as **raka'at**.

The Zuhr prayer is offered after midday, when the sun has passed its zenith, and it is one of the five daily prayers that are obligatory for Muslims. The **raka'at** refer to the units or cycles within a prayer, and each unit includes specific postures and recitations. For the **Zuhr prayer**, these cycles are repeated four times, making it a total of **four raka'at**.

This four-unit structure helps offer a suitable amount of time for personal reflection, spiritual connection, and devotion during the middle of the day, helping individuals to take a pause from their daily activities and focus on their faith.

Antwoorddetails

Suratul Zalzalah, also known as "The Earthquake," primarily stresses the Day of Judgement. This chapter of the Quran vividly describes the significant events and scenes that will occur on this momentous day. It portrays how the earth will shake with a mighty convulsion, and everything hidden in it will be exposed. The chapter reminds believers of the consequences of their actions, as all individuals will witness the deeds they have performed, no matter how small or large. There will be a clear accountability and the splitting of good deeds and bad. The emphasis is to make people aware of the inevitable day where every soul will see the results of what it has put forward. This serves as a powerful reminder of accountability and the transient nature of worldly life.

Antwoorddetails

The term "Khulafa 'ul Rashidun" refers to the first four caliphs who led the Muslim community after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). These caliphs are often called the "Rightly Guided Caliphs" because they are viewed as following closely in the footsteps of the Prophet.

Among the names listed:

• Abu Bakr bn Abi Quhafah - He was the first caliph after the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and is the first among the Khulafa 'ul Rashidun.
• Umar bn Al-Khattab - He succeeded Abu Bakr and is the second caliph, though his name is not in the options listed.
• Uthman bn Affan - He was the third caliph and is a part of the Khulafa 'ul Rashidun.
• Ali bn Abi Talib - He was the fourth caliph and is also one of the Khulafa 'ul Rashidun.

The name that does not belong to the group of Khulafa 'ul Rashidun is Mu'awiyah bn Abi Sufyan. Although Mu'awiyah was a significant figure in early Islamic history and later became a caliph, he was not part of the Khulafa 'ul Rashidun, who were the first four caliphs.

Antwoorddetails

The term "Hasan" refers to a **"sound" Hadith**. In the science of Hadith evaluation, which is used to assess the reliability of sayings, actions, or approvals attributed to the Prophet Muhammad, Hadiths are categorized based on their authenticity. The categories are determined by evaluating the chain of narrators, the content, and other factors.

A Hadith classified as "Hasan" is a sound Hadith that is somewhat less reliable than a "Sahih" Hadith, which is classified as authentic or genuine. A Hasan Hadith has a good chain of narrators and is free from major defects. It is used as evidence, but it is not quite as strong as a Sahih Hadith.

To summarize:

• A **Hasan** Hadith is considered **sound**.
• This means it is **reliable but not to the highest level of authenticity**, like a Sahih Hadith.

Antwoorddetails

The word Talaq means divorce. In Islamic law, it is a formal way for a husband to end a marriage with his wife. The process involves specific verbal declarations and may include conditions for reconciliation. Talaq ensures that both parties have clarity in the dissolution of their marriage. In summary, Talaq is legally recognized as a way of terminating a marriage in Islam.

Antwoorddetails

The Hadith "Actions are judged according to intention" is part of Hadith 1 of An-Nawawi's collections. This Hadith is considered one of the most important and foundational principles of Islamic ethics and jurisprudence. It emphasizes the importance of intention and sincerity in one's actions, and is often cited as a guiding principle for Muslims.
Here is the full text of the Hadith:
"Actions are judged according to intentions, and every person will be rewarded according to their intention. So, whoever migrates for the sake of Allah and His Messenger, their migration will be counted as such. And whoeve migrates for the sake of worldly gain or to marry a woman, their migration will be counted as such." (Bukhari
and Muslim)

Antwoorddetails

In Islamic theology, one of the 99 names of Allah is "Al-Khaliq". This name translates to the "Creator" in English.

Al-Khaliq refers to Allah's attribute of being the one who creates from nothing. It signifies the power and ability of Allah to bring things into existence without any prior example or material. Unlike humans, who need materials and models to create, Al-Khaliq, as the Creator, is capable of creating any form of life or the universe itself with intricate precision and purpose.

Thus, Al-Khaliq highlights the uniqueness of Allah's creative power, which is unlike any creation by human beings or other entities.

Antwoorddetails

Hadith 21 of An-Nawawi's collections discourages selfishness and emphasizes the importance of considering others. The Hadith states, "The merciful will be shown mercy by Ar-Rahman (Allah). Have mercy on those who are on earth, and the One in the heavens will have mercy on you." This Hadith teaches us to be compassionate and kind towards others, and to avoid being selfish and only thinking of our own interests.

Antwoorddetails

The pilgrims go to Arafah on the ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah. This day is known as the Day of Arafah, and it is one of the most important days during the Hajj pilgrimage. On this day, pilgrims gather in the plain of Arafah to perform prayers, seek forgiveness, and engage in supplication. The gathering at Arafah is an essential part of the Hajj rituals, and it symbolizes unity and devotion among Muslims from all over the world.

Antwoorddetails

The term Khulafa'ul-Rashidun refers to the Rightly Guided Caliphs, who are considered the first four leaders after the death of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in early Islamic history. These leaders are recognized for their just and effective governance. The Khulafa'ul-Rashidun are:

• Abu Bakr (r.a.), who served as the first caliph.
• Umar ibn al-Khattab (r.a.), the second caliph known for his administrative acumen.
• Uthman ibn Affan (r.a.), the third caliph recognized for compiling the Quran.
• Ali ibn Abi Talib (r.a.), the fourth caliph known for his wisdom and knowledge.

Thus, the correct number of Khulafa'ul-Rashidun is four.

Antwoorddetails

In the context of Islamic tradition, a reporter of Hadith is someone who has collected, compiled, and transmitted the sayings and actions of the Prophet Muhammad. Among the names you listed, three are well-known compilers of Hadith, while one is not.

Ibn Majah was a famous collector of Hadith. His compilation is known as "Sunan Ibn Majah," which is one of the six major Hadith collections in Sunni Islam.

Tirmidh, known as Al-Tirmidhi, is another prominent Hadith compiler. His collection is known as "Jami' at-Tirmidhi," which is also considered one of the six major Hadith books.

Bukhari refers to Imam Al-Bukhari, a revered figure in Islamic tradition. His work, "Sahih Bukhari," is considered one of the most authentic collections of Hadith.

The name that does not fit in the category of Hadith compilers is Ibn Sina. He was a renowned Persian polymath and thinker who made significant contributions to various fields such as medicine, philosophy, and science. Ibn Sina is renowned for works like "The Canon of Medicine," but he is not known for compiling Hadith.

Antwoorddetails

Ramadan is the ninth month of the Hijrah calendar, which is also known as the Islamic or lunar calendar. The Hijrah calendar is based on the cycles of the moon, and it consists of 12 months. Ramadan is a significant month for Muslims because it is the month during which fasting, or Sawm, is observed. Fasting is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and involves refraining from eating, drinking, and other specific activities from dawn until sunset each day throughout the month.

Antwoorddetails

The last chapter of the Qur'an is **Surah An-Nas**. The Qur'an is a holy book in Islam divided into chapters called "Surahs." Surah An-Nas is the 114th and final chapter. It comprises **6 verses** and is a short chapter that focuses on seeking protection from evil things. This chapter emphasizes the importance of asking for **God's protection** from harmful thoughts and actions. In contrast, the other chapters mentioned are located elsewhere within the Qur'an: **Surah Al-Fatihah is the opening chapter**, **Surah Al-Falaq is the penultimate chapter**, and **Surah Al-Alaq is an early revelation**.

Antwoorddetails

The acts of Hajj are the rituals that Muslims perform as part of the pilgrimage to Mecca, and each of them has specific significance and requirements. In the list you've provided, three of the terms directly relate to the rituals of Hajj, while one stands out as not being an act of Hajj.

Tawaf is a key ritual in Hajj, which involves circumambulating the Kaaba seven times in a counter-clockwise direction. It symbolizes the unity of the believers in the worship of the One God, moving around the central point of their faith.

Ihram is the sacred state that a pilgrim must enter before performing the rites of Hajj. It involves wearing specific garments and abstaining from certain actions such as cutting hair or nails, engaging in marital relations, and hunting, as a means to prepare spiritually for the pilgrimage.

Talbiyyah is a devotional phrase repeatedly uttered by pilgrims as they proceed with the rituals of Hajj. It reflects the pilgrim's intention and readiness to perform Hajj, declaring their servitude to Allah and reinforcing their spiritual commitment.

Ziyarah generally refers to visiting holy sites and is not specific to the rituals of Hajj. While visiting places such as the Prophet's Mosque in Medina is recommended, it is not a formal part of the Hajj pilgrimage, hence it is not an act of Hajj.

Antwoorddetails

In many religious traditions, "Articles of Faith" refer to the fundamental beliefs that adherents are expected to hold. In the context of Islam, there are six core articles of faith, which include belief in:

• Allah: The one and only God, who is all-powerful and all-knowing.
• Angels: Spiritual beings created by Allah to carry out His commands.
• Prophets: Messengers chosen by Allah to guide humanity. This includes figures like Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), and the final prophet, Muhammad (Peace Be Upon Him).
• Holy Books: Scriptures revealed by Allah, such as the Quran sent down to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
• Day of Judgment: The belief that all humans will be resurrected for judgment based on their deeds.
• Divine Decree: Belief in predestination, that Allah has knowledge and power over all things.

The word "imam" often refers to a leader in the Islamic community or particularly the prayer leader of a mosque. In some branches of Islam, such as Shia Islam, the term has a more significant theological meaning, but it typically does not appear as one of the core articles of faith that all Muslims must believe in. Therefore, belief in "imam" is not regarded as one of the fundamental articles of faith in Islam.

Antwoorddetails

A person who worships other beings is called an Idolater.

The term "Idolater" is derived from the word "idolatry," which refers to the practice of worshiping idols or other beings apart from a central, often monotheistic, deity. In many religious contexts, this means showing reverence to deities or objects that are considered false or secondary to a supreme being. It reflects the act of giving undue importance to physical representations or other divine figures, rather than adhering to the belief in a single, ultimate deity.

This concept is important in various religions, where the act of worship should be directed toward one main god, and worshipping other entities is seen as a deviation from this practice.

Antwoorddetails

The Al-Qur'an is a divine book from Allah. It is considered the holy scripture of Islam, believed to be the word of Allah (God) as revealed to the Prophet Muhammad through the Angel Jibreel (Gabriel). The Qur'an is written in Arabic and consists of 114 chapters called surahs. Muslims regard it as a guide for personal conduct and spiritual life, providing instructions, teachings, and lessons for daily life. It covers various aspects of human existence, including moral, social, legal, and spiritual guidance.

Antwoorddetails

In Islamic jurisprudence, Ghuslul Janabah is the ritual bath performed after sexual intercourse, menstruation, or childbirth.

Antwoorddetails

In Islamic tradition, the two angels responsible for recording an individual's deeds are Raqib and Atid. These two angels are often referred to collectively as the "Kiram and Katibin," which means the Honorable Recorders. Their role is to meticulously note down every good and bad deed performed by an individual.

Raqib is stationed on a person's right side and records all the good deeds they perform. In contrast, Atid is positioned on the left side and is responsible for noting any wrongdoings or sins.

This concept emphasizes personal accountability and awareness of one's actions, reminding individuals that their deeds are being observed and recorded for future judgment. It serves as a moral compass, encouraging people to do good and avoid evil. Thus, Raqib and Atid play a significant role in guiding ethical and moral behavior in the Islamic faith.

Antwoorddetails

The acts of Hajj are essential rituals that Muslims perform during their pilgrimage to Mecca. These acts include procedures and events that are crucial for completing the Hajj. Let's describe each of the terms provided and identify which one is not an act of Hajj:

Ihram: This is the first step of Hajj. It involves entering a sacred state by wearing specific garments and observing certain prohibitions. It marks the beginning of the pilgrimage.

Talbiyyah: This is a prayer or chant that pilgrims recite upon entering the state of Ihram and throughout the pilgrimage. It is an expression of their readiness and dedication to performing Hajj.

Tawaf: This is the act of circumambulating the Kaaba, the most sacred site in Islam, seven times in a counterclockwise direction. It's a fundamental ritual of the pilgrimage.

Ziyarah: In the context of Islam, ziyarah generally refers to visiting holy sites, which could be done as part of the pilgrimage or independently. While it can be a component of visiting religious places, it's generally not considered a distinct obligatory act or rite of Hajj itself but rather an *optional* or *additional* visit.

In conclusion, the word **Ziyarah** is not a defined act of Hajj. It is more of a general term used for visiting holy sites beyond the obligatory rituals of Hajj.

Antwoorddetails

The first revelation of the Qur'an is found in Suratul Alaq.

To understand this, let's look at the context: The prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) received the first revelation from Allah through the angel Gabriel while he was meditating in the cave of Hira. This momentous event marked the beginning of his prophethood. The angel Gabriel asked Muhammad to "Read!", but Muhammad replied that he could not read. The angel repeated this command three times before revealing the initial verses to Muhammad.

The specific verses that were revealed during this event are contained in the beginning of Suratul Alaq (Chapter 96 of the Qur’an), which means "The Clot" or "The Clinging Substance." The chapter begins with: "Read in the name of your Lord who created – Created man from a clinging substance..." These verses emphasize the importance of knowledge and the idea of learning in the name of the Almighty.

This event marks the beginning of the dissemination of the Qur'an, which would continue for approximately 23 years.

Antwoorddetails

An-Nawawi's collection of 40 Hadiths, also known as "Al-Arba'in", includes a Hadith that warns against poking one's nose into other people's affairs (Hadith number 6). This Hadith emphasizes the importance of minding one's own business and not interfering in the affairs of others. It teaches us to respect the privacy and boundarie of others and to focus on our own actions and responsibilities.

Antwoorddetails

Salatul Istisqa is a special prayer performed by Muslims to ask Allah for rain, especially during times of drought or when there is a severe shortage of water. This prayer is a supplication for relief when there is a need for rainfall. It is not related to other phenomena such as moon eclipse, journeys, or any other events. The community typically gathers in an open area to perform Salatul Istisqa, reflecting their humility and dependence on divine mercy for sustenance and relief from the difficulties caused by scarcity of rain.

Antwoorddetails

Antwoorddetails

Salatul-Tarawih is observed in the month of Ramadan.

Let me explain:

Islamic months have unique significances, and Ramadan is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar, known worldwide as a holy month of fasting, reflection, devotion, and prayer for Muslims. One of the special practices during this month is the performance of Tarawih prayers.

Salatul-Tarawih, or "the Tarawih prayer," is a prayer that is specifically conducted at night during the month of Ramadan. It entails the recitation of parts of the Qur'an and is held after the obligatory Isha (night) prayer. The practice of these prayers during this month holds great importance because it is believed that engaging in spiritual activities during Ramadan brings forth immense rewards and closeness to Allah.

Antwoorddetails

In Islamic tradition, the term "Ulul Azim" refers specifically to **five major prophets** who are considered highly resolute and perseverant in their mission to spread the message of Allah. These prophets hold a significant position because of the extraordinary challenges they faced and the strong determination they exhibited in carrying out their prophetic duties. The five prophets included in this category are:

• Prophet Noah (Nuh)
• Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim)
• Prophet Moses (Musa)
• Prophet Jesus (Isa)
• Prophet Muhammad

Each of these prophets played a crucial role in their respective missions and delivered Allah's message to their people with great persistence and patience, despite facing numerous hardships. Thus, the Ulul Azim are five prophets.

Antwoorddetails

In Islam, the rules regarding marriage are outlined in the Quran and Hadith. They provide clear guidelines on who a Muslim can and cannot marry. Among the options listed:

• Divorce: A Muslim can marry someone who is divorced. There are specific rules about the waiting period, known as "iddah," for a woman who is divorced or widowed before she can remarry.
• Blood Sister: A Muslim cannot marry his blood sister. It is strictly prohibited, as marrying direct blood relatives is considered incestuous and is not allowed in Islam.
• Friend's Daughter: A Muslim can marry a friend's daughter as long as there is mutual consent and the marriage aligns with the Islamic principles and family agreements.
• Cousin: In Islam, marrying a cousin is allowed. It is quite common in many cultures around the world and is not prohibited by religious laws.

Therefore, among the options provided, a Muslim cannot marry their blood sister due to the prohibition against marrying close blood relatives.

Antwoorddetails

In various contexts, particularly in religious and philosophical studies, **revelations** are understood through different types. Here is a simple breakdown:

• General Revelation: This is the knowledge of the divine or spiritual matters accessible to people through nature, history, and human conscience. It refers to how the natural world and universe display the existence and power of a divine being.
• Special Revelation: This involves more direct and detailed divine communication to specific individuals or groups. It can include visions, dreams, prophetic messages, or religious texts that are believed to be inspired by a divine force.
• Personal Revelation: This is a form of revelation experienced on a personal level, often described as an individual receiving insight or understanding regarding their life path or the nature of the universe. This might not be accessible or verifiable by others.

In this context, there are **three types of revelations**: General, Special, and Personal. Understanding each type helps in comprehending how individuals and communities perceive and interact with the divine or spiritual aspects of life.

Antwoorddetails

When a person is in the state of ihram, which is a sacred state a Muslim must enter to perform the pilgrimage (Hajj or Umrah), there are specific acts that are prohibited. These acts are intended to maintain the sanctity of the religious practice. Let's explore which acts are prohibited and the exception among them.

• Sexual intercourse is prohibited while in the state of ihram. One must refrain from any such intimate relations until the completion of the pilgrimage rituals.
• Shaving or cutting one's hair is also prohibited during ihram. This is to demonstrate a departure from worldly concerns and maintain a humble and simplistic approach during the pilgrimage.
• Hunting is prohibited while in ihram as well. Hunting or intentionally killing any animal is not allowed, emphasizing respect for all forms of life during this holy period.

The exception among these acts is bathing. Bathing is allowed while in ihram to maintain personal hygiene and cleanliness, as cleanliness is an integral part of Islamic practices. However, while bathing, one must avoid the use of scented products or soaps, as wearing anything that has a fragrance is not allowed during ihram.

In conclusion, while in the state of ihram, sexual intercourse, shaving, and hunting are prohibited, whereas bathing is permitted as long as it abides by the guidelines of avoiding scented substances.

Antwoorddetails

Suratul 'Adiyat, which is the 100th chapter of the Quran, prominently warns man against his tendency towards ingratitude. This chapter begins with a vivid imagery of a scene involving horses that charge swiftly, highlighting their energy and dedication in carrying out tasks. The purpose of these opening verses is to create a strong contrast between the loyalty and effort of these animals and the behavior of humans.

In the subsequent verses, the surah articulates that man, despite the many blessings and favors bestowed upon him by God, frequently shows a lack of appreciation. This is underscored by the verse that mentions how man often bears witness to this ingratitude himself, recognizing it but still falling short in expressing gratitude.

Furthermore, the surah emphasizes that in the end, humans will be held accountable for their actions, and their ungratefulness will be brought to light. These verses serve as a reminder for individuals to be mindful of their tendency towards ingratitude and to strive to be more appreciative of the blessings they have.

Therefore, the essence of Suratul 'Adiyat is a warning against man's **ingratitude**. It urges believers to be aware of this characteristic and encourages them to show gratitude for all the benevolences they receive.