Economics (9-1) - 0987 CIE

Households

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Every household faces the same daily choice: how much of its income to spend now and how much to save for later. Multiply that choice by millions of homes and you get one of the biggest forces in the economy. But what tips a family toward spending or saving in the first place?

In this lesson you will explore the influences on how households divide their income between spending, saving and borrowing: their level of income, the rate of interest, how confident they feel, their age and their culture. Understanding these influences explains everything from a shopping boom to a savings drought.

Ebumnobi

income
rate of interest
confidence
age
culture

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Household spending is the largest part of total demand in most economies, so what makes households spend, save or borrow drives booms and recessions. For the exam you must be able to explain each influence as a chain of reasoning, not just name it, because that analysis is where the marks are.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Households. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

A rise in the rate of interest is most likely to cause households to: A. save more and borrow less B. save less and borrow more C. spend all their income D. stop working Answer: A
As household income rises, the proportion of income saved tends to: A. fall to zero B. stay exactly the same C. rise D. always halve Answer: C
Which group of households typically saves the most? A. young students B. middle-aged workers at peak earnings C. retired people D. the unemployed Answer: B
A fall in consumer confidence is likely to cause households to: A. spend more on credit B. save more as a precaution C. borrow more D. ignore the future Answer: B
Borrowing by households means: A. saving for the future B. earning interest C. spending more than current income using debt D. paying taxes Answer: C