Biology - 0610 CIE

Respiration

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Everything a living thing does, from a heartbeat to a growing root, costs energy. That energy does not come from nowhere: it is released inside cells by a process called respiration, which happens in every living cell every second of your life.

In this lesson you will learn the many jobs that energy is used for in living organisms, and you will investigate how temperature changes the rate of respiration using yeast. By the end you should be able to list what energy powers and explain why warming a cell speeds respiration up, but only up to a point.

Ebumnobi

State the uses of energy in living organisms, including: muscle contraction, protein synthesis, cell division, active transport, growth, the passage of nerve impulses and the maintenance of a constant body temperature
Investigate and describe the effect of temperature on respiration in yeast

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Respiration is the reaction that keeps every cell alive by releasing energy from food. Without it, muscles could not contract, nerves could not signal and cells could not build new molecules. Understanding what the energy is used for, and what changes the rate of respiration, underpins the rest of this whole section.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Respiration. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Which of these is NOT a use of energy released by respiration? A. muscle contraction B. active transport C. diffusion of oxygen into a cell D. protein synthesis Answer: C
Respiration is best described as: A. breathing air in and out B. the chemical release of energy from nutrients in cells C. gas exchange in the alveoli D. the loss of water from leaves Answer: B
As temperature rises towards the optimum, the rate of respiration in yeast: A. stays the same B. increases C. decreases D. stops Answer: B
Above the optimum temperature the rate of yeast respiration falls because the enzymes: A. are used up B. are denatured C. multiply D. stop being made Answer: B
Yeast gives off 30 cm3 of carbon dioxide in 5 minutes. The rate is: A. 5 cm3/min B. 6 cm3/min C. 35 cm3/min D. 150 cm3/min Answer: B