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Alkenes

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

While alkanes are the backbone of fuels, alkenes are the backbone of the chemical industry. Their carbon-carbon double bond makes them far more reactive, and this reactivity is what allows chemists to build plastics, make ethanol, and create countless everyday materials.

In this lesson you will learn the general formula for alkenes, why they are called unsaturated hydrocarbons, how to draw and name them, and how the bromine water test distinguishes them from alkanes.

Ebumnobi

Know that alkenes contain the functional group C=C
Know the general formula for alkenes
Explain why alkenes are classified as unsaturated hydrocarbons
Understand how to draw the structural and displayed formulae for alkenes with up to four carbon atoms in the molecule, and name the unbranched-chain isomers
Describe how bromine water can be used to distinguish between an alkane and an alkene

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Alkenes are a family of hydrocarbons that contain at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C). This double bond is the functional group that gives alkenes their characteristic reactivity and sets them apart from the much less reactive alkanes.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Alkenes. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

The general formula for alkenes is: A) CnH2n+2 B) CnH2n C) CnH2n-2 D) CnHn+2 Answer: B
Alkenes are described as unsaturated because they: A) Dissolve in water B) Contain only single bonds C) Contain a C=C double bond D) Are gases at room temperature Answer: C
When ethene reacts with bromine water, the bromine water: A) Turns blue B) Stays orange C) Is decolourised D) Turns red Answer: C
The reaction between an alkene and bromine is an example of: A) Combustion B) Decomposition C) Addition reaction D) Neutralisation Answer: C
Which of these is the molecular formula for propene? A) C3H8 B) C3H6 C) C2H4 D) C4H8 Answer: B