Economics - 9214 OxfordAQA

Competitive And Concentrated Markets

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Walk down a street with eleven food stalls and you will find eleven prices within a few cents of each other. Walk into a country where one company supplies all the electricity and there is one price, take it or leave it. The good being sold is not what makes the difference. The number of sellers is.

This lesson is about market structure: how many producers there are, how different their products are, and how easy it is for a new firm to walk in. You will learn what happens to price, choice, quality and profit as a market moves from many sellers to very few, why a monopolist can do things a market trader cannot, and what an oligopoly is. Then you will apply demand and supply to a market you have not yet analysed with them: the market for labour, where the price is a wage, and where the same tools explain why a surgeon earns many times what a shelf-stacker does.

Ebumnobi

  1. Identifying market structures
  2. Competitive markets
  3. The main characteristics of a competitive market
  4. The impact of competitive markets on price and choice
  5. The economic impact of competition on producers and consumers
  6. Non-competitive markets
  7. The main characteristics of a non-competitive market
  8. The impact of non-competitive markets on price and choice
  9. Monopoly and oligopoly
  10. The labour market
  11. The role and operation of the labour market
  12. Determination of wages through supply and demand

Maapụ uche

E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.

Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa

Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ

Suppose you are selling roasted maize on a street where ten other people sell roasted maize. Try charging twice what they charge and you will sell nothing, because your customer simply walks four metres to the next stall. Now suppose you are the only electricity company in the country. Raise your price and your customers cannot walk anywhere, because there is nowhere to walk to.

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Nnyocha Ọmụmụ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Competitive And Concentrated Markets. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

  1. In which occupations will wages tend to be highest? In those where: A. workers are in excess demand B. workers are paid weekly C. workers need little training D. workers require few qualifications Answer: A
  2. Which of the following is a characteristic of a competitive market? A. A single producer sets the price B. Barriers to entry are high C. Many firms sell similar products and none can influence the price D. Products are heavily differentiated by patents Answer: C
  3. A market is dominated by four large firms that watch each other's prices closely. What is this market structure called? A. A competitive market B. A factor market C. A monopoly D. An oligopoly Answer: D
  4. Total sales in a market are $400 million and the largest firm sells $140 million. What is its market share? A. 2.9% B. 26.0% C. 35.0% D. 65.0% Answer: C
  5. Which of the following would be most likely to raise the equilibrium wage of nurses? A. A fall in the demand for health care B. A large increase in the number of qualified nurses C. A reduction in the training required to qualify D. An increase in government spending on hospitals Answer: D

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Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Competitive And Concentrated Markets? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.

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