Science Single Award - 4SS0 PearsonEdexcel

Nutrition

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Every living thing needs energy and raw materials to survive. Plants capture sunlight and build glucose from carbon dioxide and water, while animals obtain their nutrients by eating other organisms and breaking food down in a specialised digestive system.

In this lesson you will explore photosynthesis in plants - including limiting factors and leaf adaptations - and then turn to human nutrition: the structure of the alimentary canal and the role of digestive enzymes. Both halves of this topic appear regularly in Papers 1 and 2.

Ebumnobi

Understand the process of photosynthesis and its importance in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy
Know the word equation and the balanced chemical symbol equation for photosynthesis
Understand how varying carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity and temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis
Describe the structure of the leaf and explain how it is adapted for photosynthesis
Investigate photosynthesis, showing the evolution of oxygen from a water plant, the production of starch and the requirements of light, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll
Describe the structure and function of the human alimentary canal, including the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine (duodenum and ileum), large intestine (colon and rectum) and pancreas
Understand the role of digestive enzymes, including the digestion of starch to glucose by amylase and maltase, the digestion of proteins to amino acids by proteases and the digestion of lipids to fatty acids and glycerol by lipases

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

A single oak tree produces enough glucose in a year to fill a small lorry. Meanwhile, the human digestive system processes roughly 30 tonnes of food over a lifetime. Whether an organism makes its own food or eats someone else's, nutrition is the foundation of every other life process.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Nutrition. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Which gas is released as a by-product of photosynthesis? A) Carbon dioxide B) Nitrogen C) Oxygen D) Hydrogen Answer: C
Which part of the leaf contains the most chloroplasts? A) Lower epidermis B) Spongy mesophyll C) Palisade mesophyll D) Waxy cuticle Answer: C
Lipase breaks down lipids into: A) Glucose and starch B) Amino acids C) Fatty acids and glycerol D) Maltose Answer: C
Where does most chemical digestion occur in the human body? A) Mouth B) Stomach C) Duodenum D) Large intestine Answer: C
At high light intensities, increasing light further does not increase the rate of photosynthesis because: A) The plant has run out of chlorophyll B) Another factor has become limiting C) The plant is respiring too fast D) Stomata have closed Answer: B