Biology (9-1) - 0970 CIE

Food Supply

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

For most of human history, the size of the population was capped by how much food people could gather and hunt. Then came agriculture, and with it machines, fertilisers, pesticides and selective breeding, tools that let a single farmer feed hundreds of people. The result is a booming population, but also a heavy bill for the environment.

In this lesson you will describe the five main ways humans have boosted food production, then weigh up the advantages and disadvantages of two of the most important: large-scale monocultures of crops and intensive livestock production. The skill here is balanced evaluation, giving both sides and reaching a judgement, which is exactly what examiners reward.

Ebumnobi

Describe how humans have increased food production, limited to: (a) agricultural machinery to use larger areas of land and improve efficiency (b) chemical fertilisers to improve yields (c) insecticides to improve quality and yield (d) herbicides to reduce competition with weeds (e) selective breeding to improve production by crop plants and livestock
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of large-scale monocultures of crop plants
Describe the advantages and disadvantages of intensive livestock production

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Feeding a growing human population without wrecking the planet is one of the defining problems of our age. Each technique that raises yield, machinery, fertiliser, pesticide, monoculture, factory farming, brings a cost. Exam questions ask you to describe how production is increased and to discuss the advantages and disadvantages, so you must hold both sides in mind, not just list the benefits.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Food Supply. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Herbicides increase crop yield by: A. killing insect pests B. supplying mineral ions C. killing weeds that compete with the crop D. breeding better plants Answer: C
Chemical fertilisers improve yield mainly by: A. killing weeds B. supplying mineral ions such as nitrate C. warming the soil D. removing pests Answer: B
A disadvantage of a large-scale monoculture is that: A. yields are low B. machinery cannot be used C. a single disease can destroy the whole crop D. it increases biodiversity Answer: C
Intensive livestock production tends to increase yield because the animals: A. move about more B. lose less energy as heat and in movement C. eat less food D. are kept outdoors Answer: B
Which method has raised food production by letting farmers work larger areas of land? A. insecticides B. agricultural machinery C. herbicides D. selective breeding Answer: B