Science - Combined - 0653 CIE

Terminology

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds, and carbon's talent for forming long chains and rings gives us millions of them. To make sense of so many compounds, chemists sort them into families that share a common reactive part. That shared part is the key to the whole subject.

In this lesson you will meet the idea of a homologous series, a family of compounds with the same functional group and the same general formula. You will learn what a functional group is and why every member of a family reacts in much the same way.

Ebumnobi

[Core] State that a saturated compound has molecules in which all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds
[Core] State that an unsaturated compound has molecules in which one or more carbon-carbon bonds are not single bonds
[Supplement] State that a homologous series is a family of similar compounds with similar chemical properties
[Supplement] Describe the general characteristics of a homologous series as: (a) having the same general formula (recall of specific general formulas is not required) (b) displaying a trend in physical properties

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

There are far too many carbon compounds to study one by one. Grouping them into homologous series means that once you know how one member behaves, you can predict the behaviour of the whole family. The functional group is the single idea that ties each family together.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Terminology. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

A homologous series is a family of compounds with the same: A. Colour B. Functional group and general formula C. Number of atoms D. Boiling point Answer: B
The functional group of the alkenes is: A. -OH B. -COOH C. C=C double bond D. C-C single bond Answer: C
Successive members of a homologous series differ by: A. CH4 B. CH2 C. H2O D. CO2 Answer: B
The general formula of the alkanes is: A. CnH2n B. CnH2n+2 C. CnH2n+1OH D. CnH2n-2 Answer: B
A functional group is the part of a molecule that determines its: A. Mass B. Colour C. Chemical reactions D. State Answer: C