Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
For thousands of years, farmers bred plants and animals by selecting the offspring with the most useful traits. Today, scientists can go further: they can take a single gene from one organism and place it directly into another, creating a genetically modified (GM) organism in a matter of days rather than generations.
In this lesson you will learn how restriction enzymes and ligase cut and paste DNA, how vectors carry genes into new cells, and how GM bacteria now manufacture human insulin on an industrial scale. You will also explore how GM crops are designed to improve food production and what it means for an organism to be transgenic.
Ebumnobi
- Understand how restriction enzymes are used to cut DNA at specific sites and ligase enzymes are used to join pieces of DNA together
- Understand how plasmids and viruses can act as vectors, which take up pieces of DNA, and then insert this recombinant DNA into other cells
- Understand how large amounts of human insulin can be manufactured from genetically modified bacteria
- Understand how genetically modified plants can be used to improve food production
- Understand that the term transgenic means the transfer of genetic material from one species to a different species
Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ayẹwo Ẹkọ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering). Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Which enzyme is used to cut DNA at a specific base sequence? A) DNA ligase B) Amylase C) Restriction enzyme D) Lipase Answer: C
- A plasmid is best described as: A) A large chromosome found in animal cells B) A small, circular loop of DNA found in bacteria C) A type of restriction enzyme D) A virus that infects plants Answer: B
- What does the term transgenic mean? A) An organism that reproduces asexually B) An organism that contains DNA from a different species C) An organism that has been cloned D) An organism with a mutation Answer: B
- In the production of GM insulin, the role of DNA ligase is to: A) Cut the insulin gene from human DNA B) Join the insulin gene into the bacterial plasmid C) Replicate the bacterial chromosome D) Break down the insulin protein Answer: B
- Which of these is an example of a GM crop? A) A wheat plant grown with fertiliser B) A tomato plant grown in a greenhouse C) Golden Rice enriched with beta-carotene D) A rose bred for larger flowers by selective breeding Answer: C
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Àwọn Ìwé Tó Dáa Láti Kà
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Genetic Modification (genetic Engineering)? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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