Economics (9-1) - 0987 CIE

Poverty

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Poverty is one of the deepest problems economics tries to solve. But before you can tackle it you have to be clear about what it means, because being poor in one of the world's richest countries is a very different thing from the extreme poverty that threatens survival in the poorest. Economists draw a sharp line between the two.

In this lesson you will learn the difference between absolute and relative poverty and explore the main causes of poverty: unemployment, low wages, illness, age and environmental factors. Understanding these causes is the first step to designing policies that can break the cycle of poverty.

Ebumnobi

difference between absolute poverty and relative poverty
unemployment
low wages
illness
age
environmental factors

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Reducing poverty is a central aim of economic development. But poverty has many causes, and they reinforce one another: poor health makes it hard to work, lack of work means low income, and low income worsens health. Pinning down what poverty is and what drives it lets you judge which policies might actually break that cycle, which is exactly what examiners want you to be able to do.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Poverty. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

Absolute poverty refers to a situation where people: A. earn less than the national average B. cannot afford the basic necessities for survival C. own no luxury goods D. pay no taxes Answer: B
Relative poverty is measured by comparing a person's income to: A. a fixed global poverty line B. the average income in their society C. the price of food D. the minimum wage abroad Answer: B
Which of the following is a cause of poverty? A. high wages B. full employment C. illness and poor healthcare D. rapid economic growth Answer: C
A person can be in relative poverty but not absolute poverty when they: A. cannot afford food B. earn below the average but can meet basic needs C. live in a low-income country D. have no income at all Answer: B
A drought that destroys crops causes poverty mainly because it: A. raises wages B. reduces farmers' income and food supplies C. increases employment D. lowers prices Answer: B