Globalisation
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Open the back of a phone and you are holding a map of the world. The design was done in one country, the screen made in another, the memory chips in a third, the metal cases pressed in a fourth, and the whole thing assembled in a fifth before being sold in a hundred and fifty more. No single country could make that phone as cheaply, and no single country tries.
That is globalisation, and this lesson is about what it means for a business rather than for a country. You will learn the forms globalisation takes, from countries specialising in what they do relatively cheaply to labour and firms moving across borders. You will weigh the benefits and drawbacks for businesses in developed and in developing economies, which are not the same. And you will learn the single most examinable piece of arithmetic-free reasoning in the whole specification: what happens to a business that imports or exports when the exchange rate moves, and why a currency that swings wildly is a problem even when it ends up back where it started.
Ebumnobi
- Forms of globalisation.
- Benefits and drawbacks of globalisation.
- Exchange rates.
- How exchange rates influence businesses.
Maapụ uche
E seela isiokwu a ka ị hụ otu echiche si ejikọta.
Mepee maapụ uche na ngwa
Akwụkwọ Ọmụmụ
Ndetu Nkuzi Zuru Ezu di na Ngwa Green Bridge
Nweta ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwenti gi ma o bu kompiuta maka ulo akwukwo IGCSE zuru oke: akwukwo ule ndi gara aga, usoro nyocha, eserese uche, kaadi omumu na nkuzi olu.
Nnyocha Ọmụmụ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Globalisation. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- Which one of the following is a form of globalisation named in the specification? A. Government borrowing B. Movement of labour between countries C. Rising interest rates D. The introduction of a minimum wage Answer: B
- A country's currency becomes stronger. Which one of the following is most likely? A. Its businesses find imported materials cheaper B. Its businesses find imported materials dearer C. Its exports become cheaper for foreign buyers D. Its exporters sell more abroad Answer: A
- A business manufactures in its own country and exports almost all of its output. Its home currency weakens. What is the most likely effect? A. Its exports become dearer abroad and sales fall B. Its exports become cheaper abroad and sales rise C. Its wage costs rise immediately D. It pays less tax Answer: B
- Which one of the following is a drawback of globalisation for a business in a developed country? A. Access to larger markets overseas B. Cheaper components bought from abroad C. Competition from lower cost producers in other countries D. The ability to recruit skilled workers internationally Answer: C
- Why do severe fluctuations in an exchange rate cause problems for an exporter even if the rate returns to its original level? A. Because the business must pay a tax on each movement B. Because it becomes impossible to export at all C. Because pricing, planning and cash flow all become uncertain in the meantime D. Because wages must be renegotiated each time Answer: C
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Rue ajuju ndi a n'ime ngwa ahu
Akwụkwọ A Na-atụ Aro
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Globalisation? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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