Chemistry (9-1) - 0971 CIE

Formulae

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

A chemical formula is chemistry's shorthand: a few letters and numbers that capture exactly which atoms, and how many, make up a substance. From \(H_2O\) for water to \(C_6H_{12}O_6\) for glucose, formulae let chemists say precisely what something is and write equations that account for every atom in a reaction.

In this lesson you will learn to read and deduce formulae, tell a molecular formula from an empirical one, work out the formula of an ionic compound from the charges on its ions, and build balanced symbol equations with state symbols, including ionic equations. These are the skills every later topic relies on.

Ebumnobi

State the formulae of the elements and compounds named in the subject content.
Define the molecular formula of a compound as the number and type of different atoms in one molecule.
Deduce the formula of a simple compound from the relative numbers of atoms present in a model or a diagrammatic representation.
Construct word equations and symbol equations to show how reactants form products, including state symbols.
[Supplement] Define the empirical formula of a compound as the simplest whole number ratio of the different atoms or ions in a compound.
[Supplement] Deduce the formula of an ionic compound from the relative numbers of the ions present in a model or a diagrammatic representation or from the charges on the ions.
[Supplement] Construct symbol equations with state symbols, including ionic equations.
[Supplement] Deduce the symbol equation with state symbols for a chemical reaction, given relevant information.

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Formulae and equations are the language of chemistry. You cannot calculate reacting masses, balance a reaction or predict a product without them. Getting formulae right, and balancing equations correctly, underpins almost every calculation and explanation in the rest of the course.

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Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Formulae. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

What does the molecular formula of a compound show? A. only the ratio of atoms B. the number and type of atoms in one molecule C. the mass of the compound D. the state of the compound Answer: B
The empirical formula of C6H12O6 is: A. C6H12O6 B. CH2O C. CHO D. C2H4O2 Answer: B
What is the formula of the compound formed from Mg2+ and Cl- ions? A. MgCl B. Mg2Cl C. MgCl2 D. Mg2Cl3 Answer: C
Which state symbol means aqueous? A. (s) B. (l) C. (g) D. (aq) Answer: D
In an ionic equation, ions that are unchanged on both sides are called: A. reacting ions B. spectator ions C. complex ions D. product ions Answer: B