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Ionic Bonding

Gbogbo ọrọ náà

Table salt, limestone, and the chalk on a blackboard all have something in common: they are held together by the same type of chemical bond. When metals react with non-metals, electrons are transferred from one atom to the other, creating charged particles called ions that are locked together by powerful electrostatic forces.

In this lesson you will learn how ions form, how to predict their charges from the Periodic Table, how to write formulae for ionic compounds, and why giant ionic lattices give these substances their characteristic high melting points.

Ebumnobi

Understand how ions are formed by electron loss or gain
Know the charges of ions for metals in Groups 1, 2 and 3, non-metals in Groups 5, 6 and 7, and common polyatomic ions
Write formulae for compounds formed between the ions listed
Understand ionic bonding in terms of electrostatic attractions
Understand why compounds with giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points

Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ

Atoms are most stable when their outer electron shell is full. Metals have only a few electrons in their outer shell and find it easier to lose them. Non-metals are close to a full shell and find it easier to gain electrons. When a metal meets a non-metal, electrons are transferred, and both atoms achieve a stable electronic structure.

Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge

Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.

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Ọ dị na Android, Windows, macOS, na Linux

Ayẹwo Ẹkọ

Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Ionic Bonding. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.

Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.

Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.

An ionic bond is best described as: A) The sharing of electrons between atoms B) The transfer of electrons from metal to non-metal C) The electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions D) A weak force between molecules Answer: C
What charge does a Group 2 metal ion have? A) 1+ B) 2+ C) 1- D) 2- Answer: B
Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten because: A) The electrons are shared B) The ions are free to move C) The molecules break apart D) The metal melts Answer: B
What is the formula of calcium chloride? A) CaCl B) CaCl2 C) Ca2Cl D) Ca2Cl3 Answer: B
Ionic compounds have high melting points because: A) They contain heavy atoms B) They are made of molecules C) Strong electrostatic forces hold ions in a giant lattice D) They are always solids Answer: C