Conditional Probability
Gbogbo ọrọ náà
Sometimes one event changes the chance of another. If you draw a counter from a bag and keep it, the next draw is from a smaller bag, so the probabilities shift. Conditional probability is the mathematics of these knock-on effects: the probability of one event given that another has already happened.
In this Extended topic you will work with conditional probability using tables, Venn diagrams and tree diagrams. The classic setting is drawing objects without replacement, where each draw alters what remains. Once you see how the branch probabilities change after the first event, problems that look hard become a tidy multiplication along a path.
Ebumnobi
- Calculate conditional probability using Venn diagrams, tree diagrams and tables.
Akọmọ Ojú-ẹkọ
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ayẹwo Ẹkọ
Ekele diri gi maka imecha ihe karịrị na Conditional Probability. Ugbu a na ị na-enyochakwa isi echiche na echiche ndị dị mkpa, ọ bụ oge iji nwalee ihe ị ma. Ngwa a na-enye ụdị ajụjụ ọmụmụ dị iche iche emebere iji kwado nghọta gị wee nyere gị aka ịmata otú ị ghọtara ihe ndị a kụziri.
Ị ga-ahụ ngwakọta nke ụdị ajụjụ dị iche iche, gụnyere ajụjụ chọrọ ịhọrọ otu n’ime ọtụtụ azịza, ajụjụ chọrọ mkpirisi azịza, na ajụjụ ede ede. A na-arụpụta ajụjụ ọ bụla nke ọma iji nwalee akụkụ dị iche iche nke ihe ọmụma gị na nkà nke ịtụgharị uche.
Jiri akụkụ a nke nyocha ka ohere iji kụziere ihe ị matara banyere isiokwu ahụ ma chọpụta ebe ọ bụla ị nwere ike ịchọ ọmụmụ ihe ọzọ. Ekwela ka nsogbu ọ bụla ị na-eche ihu mee ka ị daa mba; kama, lee ha anya dị ka ohere maka ịzụlite onwe gị na imeziwanye.
- A bag has 5 red and 3 blue counters. Two are drawn without replacement. What is P(both red)? A. 25/64 B. 20/56 C. 5/8 D. 4/7 Answer: B
- After drawing one red from a bag of 5 red and 3 blue (kept out), what is the probability the next is red? A. 5/8 B. 5/7 C. 4/7 D. 4/8 Answer: C
- Of 18 French students, 12 also study Spanish. A French student is chosen. What is P(studies Spanish)? A. 1/3 B. 2/5 C. 2/3 D. 12/30 Answer: C
- Which rule gives the probability of A and B in general? A. P(A) + P(B) B. P(A) x P(B given A) C. P(A) - P(B) D. P(A) / P(B) Answer: B
- A bag has 4 white and 2 black balls. Two are drawn without replacement. What is P(both white)? A. 4/9 B. 2/5 C. 1/3 D. 12/30 Answer: B
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Ọ dị na ngwa Green Bridge
Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT na ekwentị maọbụ kọmputa gị iji nweta akwụkwọ ndụmọdụ zuru oke, ajụjụ mmụta, na ndị ọzọ.
Àwọn Ìwé Tó Dáa Láti Kà
Meecha Ajụjụ Ule Ọmarịcha
Ị chọrọ ime ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha gbasara Conditional Probability? Budata ngwa Green Bridge CBT iji nweta ajụjụ ule ọmarịcha na nyocha zuru ezu gbasara isiokwu a.
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